辽宁省森林生态系统服务功能空间格局

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2021.06.013

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摘要为了直观反映辽宁省林业建设的成效，基于辽宁省2017年森林资源二类调查数据和生态连清数据，根据中华人民共和国国家标准GB/T 38582-2020《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》，应用分布式测算方法，对辽宁省森林生态系统保育土壤、林木养分固持、涵养水源、固碳释氧、净化大气环境5项服务功能进行评估，并探讨生态系统服务功能的空间格局，，利用灰色关联分析研究服务功能的影响因素。结果表明：1）辽宁省森林生态系统2017年固土量为2.84亿t；保肥量2 198.03万t，林木养分固持量59.00万t，固碳量1 938.55万t；释氧量4 440.79万t；提供负离子3.89×10²⁵个；吸收气体污染物量79.32万t，滞纳TSP量为1.02亿t，滞纳PM₁₀和PM_2.5量分别为2 164.40万kg和613.12万kg。2）森林生态系统服务功能整体上呈现辽东山区 > 辽西北地区 > 辽中南平原沿海地区的分布格局，丹东市、抚顺市和本溪市森林生态系统提供的各项服务功能占全省总量的40%以上，沈阳市、锦州市和盘锦市各项服务功能占比较低。3）与生态系统服务功能关联度最高的因子为降水量（0.779 7~0.819 9），气候因素与服务功能的相关性高于政策因素和社会经济因素。该研究可以为辽宁省不同地区科学开展林业生态工程、及时调整林业发展方向以及生态产品的价值实现的路径设计提供科学依据。

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	许庭毓
	牛香
	王兵

关键词 ：森林生态系统, 空间格局, 服务功能, 影响因子, 辽宁省

Abstract：[Background] Forests are the important component of terrestrial ecosystems and provide a variety of benefits for human. The assessment of forest ecosystem services has become a bridge linking human society and the natural environment.[Methods] Based on the forest resources data in Liaoning province in 2017, we used the national standard specifications of the People's Republic of China "Specifications for Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Service in China" (GB/T 38582-2020) with the distributed measurement method to assess the services of soil conservation, forest nutrition retention, water conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, purification of atmospheric environment, in the Liaoning province. Grey relational method was used to analyze the influencing factors.[Results] 1) The amount of soil conservation in the forest ecosystem of Liaoning province in 2017 was 24 846.82×10⁴ t; a total of 2 198.03×10⁴ t of fertilizers was preserved; the amount of forest nutrient retention was 59.00×10⁴ t; water conservation was 208.20×10⁸ m³; carbon fixation was 1 938.55×10⁴ t; oxygen release was 4 440.79×10⁴ t; the forest ecosystem provided 3.89×10²⁵ negative ion and absorbed 79.32×10⁴ t of gaseous pollutants, and retented 10 153.67×10⁴ t TSP, the masses of retented PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 substances were 2 164.40×10⁴ kg and 613.12×10⁴ kg respectively. 2) The service function of forest ecosystem generally presented the distribution pattern of mountainous area in eastern Liaoning > Northwest area > The coastal area of central and southern. Dandong, Fushun and Benxi had higher services and made proportion of more than 40% services, while Shenyang, Jinzhou and Panjin have lower services. 3) The factor with the highest degree of correlation with ecosystem service was precipitation (0.779 7-0.819 9), and the correlation between climate factors and service functions was higher than policy factors and socio-economic factors.[Conculsions] This study can provide a scientific basis for scientifically carrying out forestry ecological projects in different regions of Liaoning Province, timely adjusting the direction of forestry development, and designing the path to realize the value of ecological products.

Key words： forest ecosystem spatial pattern service function impact factor Liaoning province

收稿日期: 2020-12-25

PACS:

S718.5

基金资助:中国森林核算及纳入绿色经济评价研究（2021）

通讯作者: 牛香(1982-),女,副研究员。主要研究方向:森林生态系统长期监测与评估。E-mail:niuxiang@caf.ac.cn E-mail: niuxiang@caf.ac.cn

作者简介: 许庭毓(1997-),男,硕士研究生。主要研究方向:森林生态系统长期监测与评估。E-mail:545566961@qq.com

引用本文:

许庭毓, 牛香, 王兵. 辽宁省森林生态系统服务功能空间格局[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2021, 19(6): 100-107.
XU Tingyu, NIU Xiang, WANG Bing. Spatial patterns of forest ecosystem services in Liaoning province. SSWC, 2021, 19(6): 100-107.

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/10.16843/j.sswc.2021.06.013 或 http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/Y2021/V19/I6/100

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