Analysis of geomorphology of Niyang River Basin based on digital elevation model
SU Libin1, GUO Yonggang2, WU Yue2, YANG Yongtao2
1. Research Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecology, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, 860000, Linzhi, Tibet, China; 2. Water Conservancy Project & Civil Engineering College, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, 860000, Linzhi, Tibet, China
Abstract：[Background] As an important tributary of the Yarlung Zangbo River, the Niyang River plays an important role in the typical disaster occurrence area. In recent years, the first industry in the Niyang River Basin is developing rapidly. However, due to its special geomorphological features, geological disasters in the basin are frequent and have seriously affected the sustainable economic development of the region. The purpose of this study is to reveal the relationship between geological disasters and topography in the Niyang River Basin, and to classify the risks.[Methods] Taking the Niyang River Basin in Linzhi as an example, based on the digital elevation model(DEM) and other auxiliary data, the topographic factors such as slope direction, slope, terrain fluctuation and elevation were extracted, the GIS was used to produce the thematic maps.[Results] 1) In the Niyang River Basin, the east, southeast, northeast and northwest directions are the main slope directions; the steep slope area is the largest, accounting for 85.98%, followed by the steep cliff, accounting for 11.08% of the area, which is 3.8 times of the gentle slope area. The >25°-45°is a prone area for landslide disasters, the area in the basin accounts for 50.88%, areas with a slope <25℃an be used as cultivated land and is 6 624.19 km2, accounting for 38.03%. 2) The Niyang River Basin is divided into 4 categories according to the mountain elevation:low mountains, median mountains, high mountains and great high mountains. The elevation of the basin is mainly located at ≥ 4 000-6 000 m, accounting for 86.60% of the area, belonging to high mountains and great high mountains. According to the terrain fluctuation, the relative height is mainly in the range of ≥ 200-1 000 m, and the area is 17 103.54 km2, accounting for 95.75%, which belongs to the small and median undulating mountains. 3) Altitude, slope, terrain fluctuation, vegetation coverage, rainfall and other factors have a great impact on the occurrence of disasters. The areas of steep slopes with an altitude of ≥ 3 500-5 500 m, median undulating mountains, small vegetation coverage and heavy rainfall have a large potential risk, and the dangerous sources are distributed in the upper and lower reaches of the main stream and in the middle part of the tributary.[Conculsions] The occurrence of geological disasters is closely related to the regional topography. Altitude, slope, terrain fluctuation, vegetation coverage, rainfall and other factors have a great impact on the occurrence of disasters in the Niyang River Basin. This study may provide reference for further research on the causes and susceptibility of regional disasters, and provide a scientific basis for disaster prevention and mitigation.
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SU Libin, GUO Yonggang, WU Yue, YANG Yongtao. Analysis of geomorphology of Niyang River Basin based on digital elevation model. SSWC, 2020, 18(3): 12-21.
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2020, Vol. 18 
