Evaluation of soil quality in the cultivated-layer of sloping farmland in purple hilly area based on minimum data set
LOU Yibao1, SHI Dongmei1, JIANG Guangyi2, JIN Huifang1, CHEN Zhengfa1,3, LIN Zi1
1. College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China; 2. Chongqing Eco-environment Monitoring Station of Soil and Water Conservation, 401147, Chongqing, China; 3. Kunming Engineering Corporation Limited of Power China, 650051, Kunming, China
Abstract：[Background]The soil quality of a plowing layer directly affects the productivity of sloping farmland, in order to accurately evaluate the soil quality characteristics of a plowing layer for purple sloping farmland, objectively evaluate the soil quality in the plowing layer of purple soil sloping farmland is an important basis for preventing the soil erosion and degradation of purple soil sloping farmland and ensuring the high efficiency and stability of the soil productivity in plowing layer.[Methods] The plowing-layer (0-20 cm) soil of purple sloping farmland of Chuxiong-Yunnan, Guilin-Guangxi, Xingguo-Jiangxi and Nanxiong-Guangdong were collected as the research objects. The minimum data set (MDS) was established and the cultivated-layer soil quality was evaluated by the combination of principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis based on the 12 soil property indexes which were selected.[Results] 1)Soil quality of cultivated-layer for sloping farmland varied significantly among different purple soil sites. Soil nutrients of cultivated-layer were poor relatively, soil organic matter (14.89 g/kg) and total nitrogen (0.85 g/kg) were on the fourth level, and available phosphorus (28.84 mg/kg) on the secondary level of the classification criterion of soil nutrient, pH value was faintly acidity. The ranges of soil bulk density was 0.93-1.62 g/cm3, and the cultivated-layer thickness varied of 15-30 cm, The variability of soil bulk density, silt content, cultivated-layer thickness, pH value variability were small. Sand content, penetration resistance, shear strength and total nitrogen with general variability, and the clay content, saturated water conductivity, organic matter and available P were in large variability. In general the variability of soil chemical indexes were greater than that of physical indexes. 2)The MDS on soil quality evaluation included the seven indexes of soil bulk density, available phosphorus, organic matter, saturated hydraulic conductivity, penetrate resistance, sand content and cultivated-layer thickness, which reflected the effective information of soil quality of cultivated-layer with accuracy evaluation result for soil and water conservation fertilizer conservation and yield-increasing potential. 3)The soil quality of cultivated-layer for purple sloping farmland was ordered as Chuxiong-Yunnan > Guilin-Guangxi > Xingguo-Jiangxi > Nanxiong-Guangdong. The obstacles of cultivated-layer with low penetrate resistance and soil bulk density in Chuxiong-Yunnan, lower organic matter and cultivated-layer thinning were the obstacles of cultivated-layer for Guilin-Guangxi and Nanxiong-Guangdong seperately, Xingguo-Jiangxi with the obstacle of slightly higher sand content and lower saturated water conductivity.[Conclusions]The results may provide some useful scientific supports not only for the soil quality recovery of the cultivated-layer but for the sustainable utilization of crop growth and the control of soil and water loss of purple soil sloping farmland,which are also conducive to soil improvement, reasonable cultivated layer construction and sustainable utilization of the sloping farmland recourses in purple hilly area.
娄义宝, 史东梅, 蒋光毅, 金慧芳, 陈正发, 林姿. 基于最小数据集的紫色丘陵区坡耕地耕层土壤质量评价[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2019, 17(5): 75-85.
LOU Yibao, SHI Dongmei, JIANG Guangyi, JIN Huifang, CHEN Zhengfa, LIN Zi. Evaluation of soil quality in the cultivated-layer of sloping farmland in purple hilly area based on minimum data set. SSWC, 2019, 17(5): 75-85.
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2019, Vol. 17 
