Relation between plant community and soil factors of degraded woodland in hillslope: A case study of the Yizhe Watershed in the water resource area of Songhua dam
WANG Zhen, WANG Keqin, ZHAO Yangyi, WANG Shuaibing, PENG Shuxian
1. College of Ecological and Soil & Water Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, 650224, Kunming, China;
2. Forestry College, Northeast Forestry University, 150040, Harbin, China;
3. School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, 650091, Kunming, China
Abstract：[Background] The water resource area of Songhua dam is an important drinking water source in Kunming City, 13 km northeast of the main city, located at 102°45'-102°59' east longitude, 25°08'-25°27' north latitude, and the drainage area is 629.8 km2, which guarantees more than 50% of the daily water supply in major cities in Kunming. The area is located in the eastern plateau, and 93.5% of the land area is mountainous and semi-mountainous, with an altitude of over 2,000 meters. The water conservation forests in mountainous areas are mostly single forest structures, built in the mid-1980s. The degradation of woodland area in protected areas now seriously affects the function of water resources protection. The contour reverse-slope terrace is an important manual intervention to regulate slope runoff. Then, under the long-term influence of this kind of artificial intervention, how will the secondary forest community structure and soil factors change? How will their relationship change? Understanding the relationship between the two under long-term manual intervention will help us evaluate the role of contour reverse-slope terraces scientifically, prevent water and soil loss and restore water conservation functions effectively in water resources.[Methods] This study was carried out in degraded woodland of Yizhe watershed in the Songhua dam. Three plots with contour reverse-slope terrace and three plots as a comparison were selected. Vegetation surveys were carried out on six plots at the end of the rainy season in 2017. The plant community characteristics of the plots were analyzed, after the plant community diversity was calculated and the important values of the species were sorted by model fitting method. At the same time, the soil samples of 0-40 cm surface soil were collected by three-point random sampling method according to the slope position. The canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) method were used to analyze the changes of soil environmental factors and plant community composition, and the corresponding qualitative relation.[Results] 1) Under the condition of long-term artificial intervention, the plant species Margalef richness (1.09), Pielou evenness index (0.87), Shannon-Wiener index (1.67) and Simpson index (4.49) were 2.51% to 9.00% higher. Among them, the important value of the best species increased to 25.49, and the herbaceous dominant species changed from Gramineae to Compositae, resulting in an increase in niche. 2) The presence of contour reverse-slope terrace resulted in the increasing of total soil porosity (50.48%), water content (20.45%), total nitrogen (4.47 g/kg), total phosphorus (3.99 g/kg) and available potassium (67.64 mg/kg). 3) Soil bulk density, total porosity, water content, organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were key environmental factors affecting the plant community structure of degraded forest land. Seven years of completing the contour reverse-slope terrace, the changes in soil bulk density and total porosity may be one of the reasons for the changes in plant community structure.[Conclusions] In general, the active artificial intervention measure may increase the vegetation diversity and the important plant value by improving soil bulk density and total porosity under the time scale, thereby promoting the degraded ecosystem to positive succession.
王震1, 王克勤1, 赵洋毅1, 王帅兵2, 彭淑娴3. 人工干预对山坡退化林地植物群落与土壤因子的影响 ——以松华坝水源区迤者小流域为例[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2019, 17(2): 103-111.
WANG Zhen, WANG Keqin, ZHAO Yangyi, WANG Shuaibing, PENG Shuxian. Relation between plant community and soil factors of degraded woodland in hillslope: A case study of the Yizhe Watershed in the water resource area of Songhua dam. SSWC, 2019, 17(2): 103-111.
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2019, Vol. 17 
