氮磷肥对内蒙古科尔沁沙地输变电工程塔基扰动区植被恢复的作用

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2024013

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摘要输电线路工程会严重破坏土壤和植被,造成土壤板结和地力下降,植被恢复极其困难。为探讨施肥方式及用量对内蒙古东部输电线路塔基处植被恢复的作用,试验选取紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)、披碱草(Elymus dahuricus)和羊草(Leymus chinensis)3种草本植物种子,设置3个施氮水平处理(0、100和160kg/hm²)和3个施磷水平处理(0、120和180kg/hm²),种植2年后测定植物地上、地下生物量以及根系的比根长、直径、组织密度和氮磷质量分数,并分析根系变化对生物量的影响。结果表明,1)氮磷配施更有利于3种植物地上和地下部的生长,且3种植物对氮磷肥施入量的响应不同,氮磷施肥分别为100和180kg/hm²时有利于紫花苜蓿生长,分别为160和120kg/hm²时有利于披碱草的生长,分别为100和120kg/hm²时有利于羊草生长。2)根据结构方程模型可知,施肥主要通过调控植物根系比根长、氮和磷质量分数来影响地下生物量,从而改变地上生物量。因此,在施肥过程中,要更多关注植物根系相关性状。研究可为内蒙古东部输电线工程扰动区植被快速恢复提供理论参考。

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关键词 ：输电线路工程, 植被恢复, 施肥, 根系, 植物生长

Abstract：[Background] The Horqin Sandy is characterized by its fragile ecosystem and high susceptibility to desertification, exacerbated by human activities such as infrastructure development. The construction of transmission towers in this region has disturbed the local environment, making soil and vegetation restoration a challenge. Previous studies have shown that nutrient supplementation, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, can play a crucial role in promoting plant growth in degraded lands. However, the effectiveness of these fertilizers in restoring vegetation in sandy, nutrient-poor soils like those in the Horqin Sandy remains unclear. [Methods] In order to investigate the effects and mechanisms of fertilizer application ways and dosage on vegetation restoration at the tower base of the transmission line in eastern Inner Mongolia, the experiment selected seeds of three herbaceous plant species: Medicago sativa, Elymus nutans, and Leymus chinensis. Three nitrogen levels (0, 100, and 160 kg/hm²) and three phosphorus levels (0, 120, and 180 kg/hm²) were set for the fertilization treatments. The aboveground and belowground biomass of the plants as well as the specific root length, diameter, tissue density, and nitrogen and phosphorus content of the roots were measured. We further analyzed the effect of root changes on plant biomass. [Results] 1) The combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers was more beneficial for the aboveground and belowground growth of the three plant species. However, the responds of each species to the application rates of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers were different. The optimal nitrogen and phosphorus application rates for M. sativa growth were 100 and 180 kg/hm² respectively. The optimal nitrogen and phosphorus application rates for E. nutans growth were 160 and 120 kg/hm² respectively. The optimal nitrogen and phosphorus application rates for L. chinensis growth were 100 and 120 kg/hm² respectively. 2) According to the structural equation model, fertilization primarily affected belowground biomass by regulating root traits, such as specific root length, nitrogen content, and phosphorus content, thereby influencing aboveground biomass. [Conclusions] Therefore, during the fertilization process, it is crucial to pay more attention to root-related traits of the plants. This research may provide theoretical and technical references for the rapid restoration of vegetation in the ecologically fragile areas of the power transmission line project in eastern Inner Mongolia.

Key words： transmission line project vegetation recovery fertilization root plant growth

收稿日期: 2024-01-22

PACS:

S157

基金资助:国家电网有限公司科技项目"蒙东地区输变电工程植被快速恢复技术研究"(526606220006)

通讯作者: 李春江(1993-),男,本科,工程师。主要研究方向:电网工程水土保持。E-mail:1010128960@qq.com E-mail: 1010128960@qq.com

作者简介: 许云飞(1981-),男,硕士,高级工程师。主要研究方向:电网生态修复。E-mail:18686055970@163.com

引用本文:

许云飞, 金国锋, 党伟, 王熙瑾, 李春江. 氮磷肥对内蒙古科尔沁沙地输变电工程塔基扰动区植被恢复的作用[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2024, 22(6): 61-69.
XU Yunfei, JIN Guofeng, DANG Wei, WANG Xijin, LI Chunjiang. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on vegetation restoration in the towers of the power transmission and transformation project in the Horqin Sandy Land. SSWC, 2024, 22(6): 61-69.

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/10.16843/j.sswc.2024013 或 http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/Y2024/V22/I6/61

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