Abstract：[Background] Sugarcane in Guangxi is mainly planted on sloping farmland. Affected by rainfall, unreasonable fertilization and other farming measures, it is very easy to cause soil erosion and loss of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. However, at present, the research on soil erosion and nutrient diversion loss of sloping fields in different growth stages of sugarcane is not clear enough. Therefore, rapid and quantitative estimation of soil erosion and nutrient diversion loss of sloping fields of sugarcane is of great significance to regional economic development and agricultural non-point source pollution control.[Methods] This study took the Nala small watershed for intensive sugarcane planting in Guangxi as the object. Based on the RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) and soil samples collected from sugarcane slopes in three sub-watersheds of the Nala watershed, by using rainfall, soil properties, DEM (Digital elevation model),image and other data, this study quantitatively estimated the amount of soil erosion and the loss rate of organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the four growth periods of sugarcane in the study area, as well as the effects of rainfall, vegetation cover and fertilization on them.[Results] 1) In 2020, the soil erosion rate of sugarcane sloping field in Nala watershed was 18.86 t/(hm2·a), it was a mild erosion, which was much higher than the standard of 5 t/(hm2·a) of the Ministry of Water Resources. 2) The variation characteristics of soil erosion rate of sugarcane sloping field in different growth periods were tillering stage > jointing stage > seedling stage > mature stage. Soil erosion of sugarcane sloping field in three sub-watersheds (SW1, SW2 and SW3) at tillering stage accounted for 95.66%-97.48% of the whole growth stage. The loss rate of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in sugarcane sloping field in the basin was consistent with the time variation characteristics of soil erosion rate of sugarcane sloping field. The SOC loss rate of sugarcane sloping field in sub watershed SW3 was 42.96% and 33.46% higher than that of SW1 and SW2 respectively, the TN loss rate of sugarcane sloping field in sub watershed SW3 was 48.61% and 26.11% higher than that of SW1 and SW2 respectively, and the TP loss rate of sugarcane sloping field in sub watershed SW1 was 8.07% higher than that of SW2 and SW3 respectively. 3) The change of soil erosion rate of sugarcane sloping field in different growth periods was greatly affected by rainfall, and the effect of vegetation cover in jointing period and maturing period on soil erosion rate of sugarcane sloping field was not obvious. 4) The loss rates of TN and TP in sugarcane sloping field were significantly positively correlated with the application rates of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, respectively.[Conclusions] The combination of RUSLE model and field sampling can quickly estimate the soil erosion and nutrient loss rate of sloping field in different growth periods of sugarcane. Effective control measures should be taken according to the characteristics of soil and water loss of sloping field in sugarcane growth period, which can provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of soil erosion, nutrient loss and non-point source pollution in the small watershed of intensive sugarcane planting in Guangxi.
刘小梅, 李勇, 黄智刚, 王旭, 黎静宜, 黄俣晴. 广西集约化甘蔗种植小流域土壤侵蚀及养分流失时空特征[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2022, 20(5): 75-84.
LIU Xiaomei, LI Yong, HUANG Zhigang, WANG Xu, LI Jingyi, HUANG Yuqing. Temporal and spatial characteristics of soil erosion and nutrient loss in small watershed of intensive sugarcane cultivation in Guangxi. SSWC, 2022, 20(5): 75-84.
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2022, Vol. 20 
