陕北植被净初级生产力人为影响定量测评与分析

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2020.05.010

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摘要运用人为影响测评模型定量测算陕北植被净初级生产力（net primary productivity，NPP）人为影响值，揭示植被人为影响的时空变化规律及影响因素。结果表明：1）2001—2014，陕北人类活动对植被NPP整体呈现正向影响增强、负向影响减弱的年际变化趋势，负向影响年均降低3.40 g/（m²·a），正向影响年均增加0.91 g/（m²·a）；2）人类活动对植被NPP的正向和负向影响均以增强趋势为主，呈极显著和显著变化的正向影响增强区主要位于府谷县、神木县中部窟野河沿线的丘陵沟壑区以及榆阳区与米脂县交界处的榆溪河湿地，而呈极显著和显著变化的负向影响增强区则主要分布在北部能源区以及中东部农牧区；3）生态建设、能源生产、城市扩张及土地利用开发是影响植被NPP变化的主要人为影响因子。结果显示：生态治理成效已显现，但北部能源区和南部农业区人为负向影响增强趋势明显，应进一步加大生态治理力度。植被NPP人为影响定量研究是区域生态系统人为影响定量研究的基础，可为区域水土保持服务与社会经济发展权衡分析奠定基础。

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关键词 ：植被净初级生产力, 人为影响测评模型, 定量测评, 陕北

Abstract：[Background] Under the double influence of ecological construction and energy development, the ecological environment in northern Shaanxi is facing great pressure. Quantitative study on the human impact on net primary productivity (NPP) of vegetation, which is the basis of quantitative study on human impact on regional ecosystem, can lay a foundation for trade-off analysis between regional soil and water conservation services and socio-economic development. Therefore, it is necessary to quantitatively study the impact of human activities on NPP of vegetation in northern Shaanxi. [Methods] Based on the normalized differenced vegetation index (NDVI) data which was validated, the vegetation coverage data and the climate data which was resampled to 250 m resolution, the NPP of vegetation and its human impact value were calculated using CASA model and the human impact assessment model respectively. Then the spatio-temporal variation of human impact on NPP was analyzed using the Theil-Sen trend degree. Finally, the specific human factors were made an empirical analysis based on the statistics data and land use degree data. [Results] 1) The impact of human activities on vegetation NPP in northern Shaanxi showed an annual trend of increasing positive impact and decreasing negative impact from 2001 to 2014. The negative impact decreased by 3.40 g/(m²·a) and the positive impact increased by 0.91 g/(m²·a). Especially in 2013, the positive impact of human activities on vegetation NPP was the strongest. 2) The positive and negative effects of human activities on vegetation NPP were mainly increasing trend. The positive trend of human impact was obvious in the central and eastern regions, the highest positive trend value was 40.39 g/(m²·a), and the positive effects of significant and significant changes were mainly located in the hilly and gully region along the Kuye River in Fugu county and Shenmu county, as well as the Yuxi River Wetland at the junction of Yuyang district and Mizhi county. While the negative trend of human impact was obvious in the northwest and southern regions, the highest negative trend value was -37.17 g/(m²·a), and the negative effects of significant and significant changes were mainly distributed in the northern energy area and the farming and pastoral areas in the middle east. 3) The "Grain for Green Project" was the main reason for the positive influence of vegetation NPP. The increase of the proportion of energy industry and the urban expansion were the main reasons for the gradual increase of human negative influence. And there was not a simple linear relationship between the human impact of vegetation NPP and land use degree. [Conculsions] The human positive impact of vegetation NPP shows an increasing trend, while the negative impact decreasing. The effect of ecological governance has been obvious, but the human negative impact is still stronger in the northern energy area and the southern tableland agricultural area, thus the ecological governance should be further strengthened.

Key words： net primary productivity (NPP) human impact assessment model quantitative evaluation northern Shaanxi

收稿日期: 2019-09-20

PACS:	S181
	F301.24

基金资助:国家自然科学基金"我国生态脆弱区能源开发生态效应测评与调控研究"（41371523）

通讯作者: 任志远(1953-),男,学士,教授。主要研究方向:国土资源开发与生态环境评价。E-mail:renzhy@snnu.edu.cn E-mail: renzhy@snnu.edu.cn

作者简介: 段艺芳(1980-),女,博士研究生,讲师。主要研究方向:资源环境遥感与GIS。E-mail:duanyifang@snnu.edu.cn

引用本文:

段艺芳, 任志远, 孙艺杰. 陕北植被净初级生产力人为影响定量测评与分析[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2020, 18(5): 81-88.
DUAN Yifang, REN Zhiyuan, SUN Yijie. Quantitative evaluation and analysis of human impact on net primary productivity of vegetation in northern Shaanxi. SSWC, 2020, 18(5): 81-88.

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/10.16843/j.sswc.2020.05.010 或 http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/Y2020/V18/I5/81

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