Abstract: 【 Purpose/significance】In the era of big data, the quality problem of archival data is becoming more and more serious. Study⁃ ing the characteristics and influencing factors of archival data quality problems is helpful to promote the scientific governance of archi⁃ val data quality【. Method/process】The paper uses the literature research method to sort out the problems of archival data quality, and uses TOE framework to analyze the influencing factors of archival data quality【. Result/conclusion】The results show that the archival data has six major problems, such as low digitization degree, data fragmentation, inaccuracy, incompleteness, data duplication and timeliness lag. It is affected by technical factors such as information technology development level, information system design, data management technology, organizational factors such as institutional mechanisms, organizational personnel, business processes, as well as environmental factors such as data quality culture, institutional environment, social public demand.【 Innovation/limitation】The pa⁃ per enriches the research basis and analysis approach of archival data quality. Further research can be conducted on the synergistic ef⁃ fect and dynamic evolution mechanism of technological, organizational and environmental factors.