流域泥沙入河负荷辨识方法

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2022207

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摘要探讨适宜的确定甘蔗地侵蚀泥沙入河负荷的方法，对甘蔗种植区防控土壤侵蚀、合理选择水土保持措施具有重要意义。选择广西甘蔗种植小流域作为研究区，将特定单体化合物稳定性同位素技术（CSSI）分别与实地监测、⁷Be示踪、RUSLE模型联合应用，确定流域甘蔗地侵蚀泥沙的入河负荷。结果说明：1）那辣流域中，甘蔗地侵蚀泥沙的贡献比例在24.5% ~ 42.8%之间，是入河泥沙的主要贡献来源之一；2）次降雨事件下，3种方法测定的流域土壤流失量在0.18 ~ 5.57 t/hm²之间，不同方法测定的流域土壤流失量大小排序为：⁷Be示踪>RUSLE模型>监测法；3）监测-CSSI法确定的甘蔗地泥沙入河负荷在0.04 ~ 1.07 t/hm²之间，与其结果相比较，⁷Be-CSSI法的相对误差为2.74% ~ 1672.63%，Nash-Sutcliffe系数E为–1.47；RUSLE-CSSI法的相对误差在–16.42% ~ 208.41%之间，E值为0.80。RUSLE-CSSI法比⁷Be-CSSI法定量辨识甘蔗地侵蚀泥沙入河负荷的结果与监测-CSSI法的实测值相比，误差均较大。因此，2种方法均不适用于确定流域泥沙入河负荷。

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	杨翠红
	王旭
	郭豪
	李勇
	陈婷婷
	黄智刚
	周小淇
	吴宗猛
	杨江怡

关键词 ：次降雨, 泥沙入河负荷, 监测, ⁷Be示踪, RUSLE模型, CSSI

Abstract：Background The sugarcane planting area expanded to the hilly land, which intensified the soil erosion intensity in the sugarcane plantation area of Guangxi. Driven by rainfall and runoff, eroding sediment and nutrients into the water, causing serious environmental pollution. However, there are few methods to determine the eroded sediment from sugarcane fields into river. Therefore, determining the appropriate method to the eroding sediment export load from sugarcane fields, which is of great significance to control soil erosion and select the reasonable soil and water conservation measures in sugarcane growth regions. Methods In this study, a small sugarcane growing watershed in Guangxi was selected to determine the proportion of sugarcane eroding sediment contribution based on Compound Specific Stable Isotopes (CSSI). Soil loss were determined by field monitoring, ⁷Be tracer technique and RUSLE model under three heavy rainfall events during the early sugarcane planting period in 2020-2021. Sediment export load from sugarcane land were estimated by combinative use of field monitoring, ⁷Be tracer technique, RUSLE model and CSSI techniques, respectively. Results 1) Eroding sediment from sugarcane land contributed 24.5% to 42.8% in Nala watershed, which was one of the main source of sediment into the river. 2) Soil loss measured by the three methods ranged from 0.18 to 5.57 t/hm² under single rainfall event in the order of ⁷Be technique > RUSLE > Monitoring. 3) Sediment export load from sugarcane was between 0.04 and 1.07 t/hm² determined by Monitoring-CSSI method. Compared with the results of Monitoring-CSSI method, the relative error of ⁷Be-CSSI method was 2.74% to 1672.63%, Nash-Sutcliffe (E) coefficient was –1.47. The relative error of RUSLE-CSSI method ranged from –16.42% to 208.41%, and E value was 0.8. Conclusions Compared with the export load from sugarcane land measured by monitoring-CSSI method, the results of ⁷Be-CSSI method and RUSLE-CSSI method both have large error. Thus, those two methods are unsuitable for determining sediment export load from watershed.

Key words： single rainfall sediment export load monitoring ⁷Be tracer RUSLE model CSSI

收稿日期: 2022-10-20

PACS:

S157A

基金资助:国家自然科学基金“‘退桉还蔗’下南亚热带蔗区小流域生态系统碳储量及土壤有机碳演变机制研究”（42477042），“湿热区土壤水蚀面源污染对垦殖强度的响应：中缅泰对比研究”（42220104004）

通讯作者: 黄智刚（1971—），男，博士，副教授，硕士生导师。主要研究方向：土壤资源环境，农业面源污染溯源与防控。E-mail：hzg@gxu.edu.cn E-mail: hzg@gxu.edu.cn

作者简介: 杨翠红（1999—），女，硕士研究生。主要研究方向：土壤侵蚀及农业面源污染。E-mail：369309839@qq.com

引用本文:

杨翠红, 王旭, 郭豪, 李勇, 陈婷婷, 黄智刚, 周小淇, 吴宗猛, 杨江怡. 流域泥沙入河负荷辨识方法[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2025, 23(1): 193-199.
YANG Cuihong, WANG Xu, GUO Hao, LI Yong, CHEN Tingting, HUANG Zhigang, ZHOU Xiaoqi, WU Zongmeng, YANG Jiangyi. Identification methods of sediment export load from watershed. SSWC, 2025, 23(1): 193-199.

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