Calculation and analysis of natural terrain elements in the reconstruction of gangue dump in a mining area: A case study of the abandoned land of Yangchangwan mining area in Ningdong, Ningxia
CAI Yixuan1,2, YANG Gang1,2, ZHANG Chengliang3, GU Qingmin4
1. School of Information Science & Technology of Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China; 2. National Forestry and Grassland Forestry Intelligent Information Processing Engineering Technology Research Center, 100083, Beijing, China; 3. Light Industry Environmental Protection Research Institute, 100089, Beijing, China; 4. National Energy Group Ningxia Coal Industry Co., Ltd., Liability Company Yangchangwan Coal Mine, 751410, Lingwu, Ningxia, China
Abstract：[Background] Near-natural topographic reconstruction refers to the undisturbed natural terrain surrounding mining area as reference for topographic remodeling design of the abandoned land in the mining area. Therefore, understanding topographic features of local undisturbed natural area is a prerequisite for near-natural topography reconstruction. In this process, there are a series of problems to be explored:selection of reference area, parameter selection, parameter calculation, etc. This article took gangue dump in the first district of Ningdong Yangchangwan Coal Mine as a research example, discussed and proposed solutions around the above three key issues.[Methods] For the selection of reference area, we took the proximity, similarity factors of watershed as basis, and used watershed as the selected unit to determine reference area; for the parameter selection, we closely integrated application requirements of near-natural topography reconstruction. Total 14 parameters in three types of watershed geomorphological characteristics, gully morphological characteristics and local surface characteristics were selected as elements to describe natural topographic characteristics of reference area; for the problem of parameter calculation, we formulated a systematic calculation route and specific calculation methods.[Results] Based on the proposed method, we selected total 21 level I sub-watersheds around gangue dump in the first district of Yangchangwan Coal Mine in Ningdong as reference watersheds, which determined the reference areas for near-natural topography reconstruction. 14 natural terrain feature parameters were calculated and analyzed. These parameters showed that study area integrally formed more gentle slope <5 °, slope and micro ground accounted 72.74%; overall relief was small, at best analysis window 7×7 (1 234.82 m2) was calculated as average relief of 2.53 m, 72.1% of relief of the area between 0 and 3 m; 96.63% of surface roughness from 1.000 to 1.019, which indicated that surface erosion degree was small; 91% of total area of target watersheds had a low degree of erosion, and gully slope was less than 0.03. The gullies were mainly low-grade and moderate meandering. Compared with the disturbed area to be reshaped, gully density in natural watershed area is significantly larger, and watershed roundness was smaller. The distributions of watershed geomorphic parameter values and gully characteristic parameter values of total 21 sub-watersheds were relatively concentrated, and the significance was >0.05, indicating that these parameter values were representative.[Conculsions] In addition, the calculation results of the parameters in this paper more comprehensively describe natural topographic features of the area where Yangchangwan Coal Mine is located, which can be used as a reference target for topographic reconstruction and provide basic data for geographic analysis, environmental evaluation and ecological environment management in the region.
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CAI Yixuan, YANG Gang, ZHANG Chengliang, GU Qingmin. Calculation and analysis of natural terrain elements in the reconstruction of gangue dump in a mining area: A case study of the abandoned land of Yangchangwan mining area in Ningdong, Ningxia. SSWC, 2021, 19(5): 10-18.
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2021, Vol. 19 
