In the era of digital intelligence, the importance of data literacy ability for the cultivation of archival professionals is increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is urgent to build an evaluation index system for the data literacy ability of archival professionals. This study is based on the research on data literacy in the New Media Alliance, and comprehensively evaluates the research literature on data literacy. It focuses on the characteristics of the archival science profession and the development needs of the archival industry itself and takes the talent-cultivating programs of eight representative universities with archival science majors in China as research samples, constructs the prototype of the indicator system by analyzing the characteristics of their training objects, and adopts the Delphi method and Analytic Hierarchy Process to revise and improve it. The final evaluation index system consists of 14 second-level indicators and 5 first-level indicators, which include data awareness, data knowledge and skills, data manipulation ability, data processing and analysis, and data ethics. And the application path and strategy of the evaluation index system are pointed out at the same time.