In big data era, archival data has become a new form of archival information resources and a new field of archival management, and archival data governance is rising day by day. Data right determination is an important content of archival data governance. Problems such as unclear data ownership, unclear rights and responsibilities, conflicts between public and private, ethical security, and intellectual property rights maintenance restrict the open sharing and value release of archival data, so it is imperative to implement archival data rights governance. Based on the ecological situation and management practice of archival data, this paper analyzes the difficulties and obstacles in the protection of archival data rights, and reveals the connotation and functional coordinates of archival data rights governance. Tao spell is potential with the help of traditional philosophy theory system, from the concept, method, action, tools, situational different level, such as the system construction of archival data rights governance path. Setting up a sound system of archival data rights rules and safeguard mechanism, new ecological shape archival data operation order, help archival data governance modernization.