Preliminary hazard analysis is a systematic and safety analysis method which make previously a macrographic and sketchy analysis on the risk categories, conditions and possible consequences of the system during the management. The application of this method is helpful to identify dangerous sources scientifically and accurately, to determine the key parts of safety control, and to select the priority measures for accident prevention. In the process of archives safety management, the preliminary hazard analysis method starts from the establishment of the list for preliminary hazard analysis, identifying the hazard sources, grading the risk grade, and making safety prevention and control measures. To use the preliminary hazard analysis method, we should adhere to the scientific, dynamic, and combine with other methods, so as to improve the quality of preliminary risk analysis and the effectiveness of archives security protection.