Seals are valued at all levels of Chinese organizations. The impression of red atomic ink on the document is an important part of archives. Whether its imprint is clear, beautiful and durable affects the appearance, use and voucher value of archives, so it is necessary to carry out the research on its use characteristics and preservation characteristics. The durability of atomic ink can be judged by colorimetry in the durability experiments,macro and micro analysis is made to understand the quick-drying performance and the diffusion of ink, the main elements of different atomic inks can be detected and analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The experimental results show that the composition and manufacturing process of different atomic inks lead to different durability, and the atomic inks can be classified into two categories: more durable materials and non-durable materials. In the choice of use, not only the durability, but also the beauty of color, quick-drying performance and definition should be considered. All impressions are not resistant to dry heat, and the environment should be suitable in the preservation process of archives, so as to avoid the fading and blurring of seal handwriting, which will affect the value of archives.