后保管时代档案学基础理论研究之四——档案化问题研究

doi:10.16065/j.cnki.issn1002-1620.2016.03.001

档案学研究

2016, Vol. 30

Issue (3): 4-11 DOI: 10.16065/j.cnki.issn1002-1620.2016.03.001

基础理论研究

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后保管时代档案学基础理论研究之四——档案化问题研究

何嘉荪¹, 马小敏²

1 浙江大学杭州 310058
2 浙江经济职业技术学院杭州 310018

Research into the Basic Theory of Archival Science in the Post-custody Era (Part 4): Study on Achivization

Jiasun HE¹, Xiaomin MA²

1 Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058
2 Zhejiang Technical Institute of Economics, Hangzhou 310018

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摘要:

文件和档案作为语言、书写、摄影、摄像等沟通交流手段运行的成果和存在形式,近几十年来受到了后现代主义学者的关注,由此引发诞生了档案化概念和词汇。其中德里达创造的档案化（archivization）泛指世上一切信息交流过程,事实上将档案事业置于整个社会生活的核心,既为电子文件全程管理理念和原则提供了理论基础,也作为一种思维范式或意识,导引了文件的制作形成,对文件内含知识的塑造起了不可忽视的作用,有利于人们主动去保证文件的完整性和可用性

关键词 ：后保管时代, 德里达, 档案化, 档案化行为, 前档案化, 背景化, 再背景化, 全程管理原则

Abstract：

As the outcome and existing form of the language, writing, photography and video etc., the document and archive have drawn attention of scholars specialized in post-modernism recently, which led to producing new related concepts and vocabularies, such as archiving, archivization and archivalisation. The word “archivization” created by Derrida refers to all the communication processes on the world. He placed archive on the core of our societies’s life which not only provides the theoretical basis for the life-cycle management of electronic records, but also guides the shape and production of document as a thinking paradigm. This view helps people to ensure the record’s integrity and availability initiatively.

Key words： post-custody era J. Derrida archivization archiving archivalisation cntextualization recontextualization principle of life-cycle management

出版日期: 2017-11-15

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引用本文:

何嘉荪, 马小敏. 后保管时代档案学基础理论研究之四——档案化问题研究[J]. 档案学研究, 2016, 30(3): 4-11.
Jiasun HE, Xiaomin MA. Research into the Basic Theory of Archival Science in the Post-custody Era (Part 4): Study on Achivization. Archives Science Study, 2016, 30(3): 4-11.

链接本文:

http://daxyj.idangan.cn/CN/10.16065/j.cnki.issn1002-1620.2016.03.001 或 http://daxyj.idangan.cn/CN/Y2016/V30/I3/4

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[5]	Thomas Nesmith.Seeing Archives: Postmodernism and the Changing Intellectual Place of Archives[J]. The American Archivist,2002,65:24-41. doi: 10.17723/aarc.65.1.rr48450509r0712u
[6]	以上关于后现代主义认识论的介绍,均引自：Thomas Nesmith, Seeing Archives: Postmodernism and the Changing Intellectual Place of Archives[J]. The American Archivist,2002,65:24-41. doi: 10.17723/aarc.65.1.rr48450509r0712u
[7]	如澳大利亚学者Frank Upward wrote：“A concept of ‘record’ which is inclusive of records of continuing value (archives), which stresses their uses for transactional, evidentiary and memory purposes, and which unifies approaches to archiving/recordkeeping whether records are kept for a split second or a millennium...”转引自安小米.文件连续体模式及其对电子文件最优化管理的启示[J].何嘉荪.办公自动化系统与电子档案管理[M].杭州浙江大学出版社,2003:105-116.
[8]	何嘉荪. 文件群体运动与文件管理档案化:“文件群体运动模型”再思考兼答章燕华同志之二[J].档案学通讯. 2007(4):32-35.
[9]	Prof. Thomas Nesmith wrote to us in his e-mail on 18 Feb.,2014.“I view archiving as the actions taken to identify, select, describe/represent, make available, preserve, and promote the value of that comparatively small portion of the records kept indefinitely.”
[10]	Prof. Thomas Nesmith wrote also to us in his e-mail on 18 Feb., 2014.“Archiving to me is a societal-archival process, or a set of actions - performed in, shaped by,and shaping a given societal context - to record and identify, select, represent, make available, preserve,etc, the record that is kept indefinitely, as archives.”
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[14]	Jacques Derrida. Archive Fever: A Freudian Impression. trans. Eric Prenowitz. Diacritics,1995,25（2）：9-63. He wrote：“No, the technical structure of the archiving archive also determines the structure of the archivable content even in its very coming into existence and in its relationship to the future. The archivization produces as much as it records the event. This is also our political experience of the so-called news media.”
[15]	在Archive Fever中,德里达有时称这种技术及其工具为archival technology 和archiving machine.
[16]	Jacques Derrida. Archive Fever: A Freudian Impression, trans. Eric Prenowitz. Diacritics, Vol. 25, No.2(Summer, 1995), 9-63.. doi: 10.2307/465337
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[25]	Prof. Thomas Nesmith wrote to us in his e-mail on 7 Jan.,2016. “Ketelaar, it seems to me, is saying it is important to understand the technology, but that must be done in relation to the societal context that prompts the technology’s selection and use.”
[26]	Thomas Nesmith.Seeing Archives: Postmodernism and the Changing Intellectual Place of Archives[J]. The American Archivist,2002,65:24-41. doi: 10.17723/aarc.65.1.rr48450509r0712u
[27]	Thomas Nesmith.Seeing Archives: Postmodernism and the Changing Intellectual Place of Archives[J]. The American Archivist,2002,65:24-41. doi: 10.17723/aarc.65.1.rr48450509r0712u
[28]	Charles Lemert.Postmodernism Is Not What You Think[J]. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1997:46. Garry Wills. Lincoln at Gettysburg: The Words that Remade America[M]. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1992:34-40. Interestingly, Wills notes that Lincoln was trying to reinterpret the American Constitution to argue that it was the basis of a nation in which equality of men was recognized. Wills comments that Lincoln “altered the document from within, by appeal from its letter to the spirit..” (p.38). For the idea that meaning making is a process, 也参见 Steven Connor. Postmodern Culture: An Introduction to Theories of the Contemporary Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, second edition, 1997:142-143. Terry Eagleton. Literary Theory: An Introduction, 2nd ed. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996:11-12. 转引自Thomas Nesmith. Seeing Archives: Postmodernism and the Changing Intellectual Place of Archives[J]. The American Archivist,2002,65:24-41.
[29]	以上关于“再背景化”（recontextualization）的观点,均引自Thomas Nesmith, Seeing Archives: Postmodernism and the Changing Intellectual Place of Archives[J]. The American Archivist,2002,65:24-41. doi: 10.17723/aarc.65.1.rr48450509r0712u
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[32]	Prof. Thomas Nesmith wrote to us in his email on 18 Feb.,2014.“Freud provides Derrida an opportunity to reflect on archives in the broad all-encompassing way Imention above (which does include the more conventional archives we archivists denote when we use that word.) Indeed, Freud’s work seems to have underlined for Derrida the vital centrality of archives in all aspects of life, and thus we archivists can be encouraged that our? Part of that broad archival world is also at the centre of our societies’ life. Of course, that one of the leading philosophers of our day - Derrida - has seen this and has prompted similar discussion in many fields - should encourage archivists greatly in regard to the importance of our work. But that also presents greater challenges for?Archivists as well. ”
[33]	Eric Ketelaar.Archivalisation and Archiving[J]. Archives and Manuscripts,1999,26(1):54-61.

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