This article first indicates main factors that influence the course development of archival science and demonstrates that archive; archival work and archival discipline can not become course study objects of archival science. Then it analyzes fundamental differences among library science, information science and archival science, and points out that course study objects of archival science should be archival management of information resources and long-term preservation of human memory, which can manifest the essential characteristics of archival science. It also discusses opportunities to the development of archival science that brought by information environment and indicates the striving direction to the sustainable development of archival science.