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| Climate change tendency of surface humidity index in Chang Tang Nature Reserve of Tibet from 1971 to 2018 |
| DU Jun1,2, ZHOU Kanshe3, YUAN Lei3 |
1. Tibet Institute of Plateau Atmospheric and Environmental Science Research, 850001, Lhasa, China;
2. Tibet Key Laboratory of Plateau Atmospheric and Environmental Science Research, 850001, Lhasa, China;
3. Tibet Autonomous Region Climate Centre, 850001, Lhasa, China |
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Abstract [Background] There is a unique alpine desert ecology in the Chang Tang Nature Reserve of Tibet (CTNRT), it is an important and indispensable pathway to explore the temporal and spatial variation of humidity index Hi in CTNRT and its driving factors under the background of global warming, in order to provide sharp insight into the regional hydrological process and its response to climate change, also it can provide a scientific basis for monitoring the ecological environment.[Methods] Based on daily meteorological data over 5 weather stations in CTNRT from 1971 to 2018, we computed the potential evapotranspiration and Hi using the FAO Penman-Monteith formula. The long-term trend and inter-annual variability of Hi in CTNRT were analyzed using linear tendency estimation and Mann-Kendall test. Moreover, the dominant influential factors explaining the changes of Hi were identified based on Data Processing System and principal component analysis.[Results] 1) In the past 48 years (1971-2018), the annual mean temperature in CTNRT presented a significant increasing trend with a rate of 0.046 ℃/a, the annual precipitation increased remarkably at the rate of 1.18 mm/a, and the annual mean Hi changed over time with a rate of 0.001/a, suggesting weak increasing trend, despite significant increasing trend observed in summer. From the 1970s to the 1990s, the Hi was featured with lower humidity characteristics in CTNRT. After the 2000s, the air temperature rose steadily, and Hi increased obviously, indicative of a warmer and wetter climate in CTNRT. 2) It was found that the annual mean Hi experienced an abrupt change from relatively dry to wet phase in 1996. On average, the Hi was found to increase by 19.1% during 1996-2018 compared with the period 1971-1995. 3) The principal component regression analysis showed that the precipitation (positive contribution) dominated the change of annual Hi, followed by the sunshine duration (negative contribution). The precipitation was the dominant factor for affecting the changes in seasonal mean Hi, but secondary factor differed greatly by season:the sunshine duration in spring and autumn, the daily temperature range (negative contribution) in summer, and the mean temperature (negative contribution) in winter.[Conclusions] From 1971 to 2018, this study area is featured by warm and humid climate, slight increasing Hi, better vegetation growth, and the improved regional ecological environment in CTNRT, providing scientific and technological support for the monitoring of ecological environment change.
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Received: 18 November 2019
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