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| Mechanism simulation on soil and water conservation of slope farmland side ditch |
| CAI Xiongfei1,2,3, LEI Li1, LIANG Ping1, FU Bin2,3, WANG Ji1, XU Pei2,3, WANG Yukuan2,3 |
1. School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, 550001, Guiyang, China;
2. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 610041, Chengdu, China;
3. Wanzhou Station of Reservoir Eco-environment Monitoring, 404100, Chongqing, China |
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Abstract [Background] Slope farmland side ditch(SFSD)is one of important slope water system engineering measures in the hilly region of southern China, and plays an important role in the protection and management of sloping farmland. This work aims to explore the mechanism of soil and water conservation on SFSD.[Methods] Four field experimental areas from the typical purple soil distribution in Yanting county and Suining city, Sichuan province were selected, in each area 2 plots (plot A and plot B) were set up. By investigation and artificial simulated rainfall experiment (3 rainfall intensities 20 mm/h, 55.48 mm/h, and 110.95 mm/h. Rainfall duration was 40 min) in field, 11 simulation experiments were conducted. After the rainfall began, the runoff generation time of plot A and plot B were recorded respectively, and then one runoff sample was collected every interval of 4~5 min and brought back to the laboratory for analysis and test. After each rainfall, the collector trough in area A was washed, pictures were taken, the sediment in the gutter in area B were measured and removed.[Results] 1) The SFSD had the remarkable capacity for runoff reduction, the runoff reduction rate ranged from 14.08% to 36.72%, and the average value was 24.7%, the runoff reduction rate decreased with the increase of rainfall intensities, soil thickness of sloping farmland was the main factor that affected runoff reduction effect of SFSD. 2) The SFSD had the remarkable capacity for sediment reduction, the sediment reduction rate ranged from 31.93% to 64.95%, and the average value was 50.08%, the sediment reduction rate increased with increase of rainfall intensities. 3) Due to sedimentation influence of SFSD to sediment, the clay and fine particle rate of transporting sediment in plot B (test plot) increased 12.85% on average in comparison with plot A (comparative test plot), while coarse silt and above particles in plot B (test plot) decreased 40.21% on average in comparison with plot A.[Conclusions] The sediment reduction effect of SFSD increases with increase of rainfall intensities, indicating that SFSD is suitable for hilly areas with abundant precipitation in southern China.
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Received: 10 April 2018
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