|
|
|
| Characteristics and potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in reclaimed land of a bauxite mine |
| WANG Xiong |
| Shanxi Department of Soil and Water Conversation Environment Construction, 030002, Taiyuan, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract [Background] The quality of reclaimed land restricts the value and use models of land. Ecological risk assessment is an important basis for the control and prevention of heavy metal contamination. The object of this paper is to study the content characteristics and potential ecological contamination risk of 6 heavy metals elements in farming soil of Xiaoyi bauxite reclaimed land, which have reclaimed for 10 years in 3 terrains of plain, gentle slopeland, and steep slopeland.[Methods] The soil samples in 0-20 and >20-40 cm layers from plain, gentle slopeland, and steep slopeland were collected. The contents of 6 heavy mental (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb) in both 0-20 and >20-40 cm of soil layers were measured using ICP-AES after acid digestion, and further the contents and distribution characteristics were analyzed. Finally, the contamination degrees and potential ecological risks of heavy metals were assessed using Hakanson potential ecological risk index. The data of heavy metal contents were mean values of three repetitions, and the calculation and analysis were conducted using software Excel 2010 and SPSS 13.0.[Results] 1) The concentrations of Cd and Pb presented that plain > gentle slopeland > steep slopeland in both of 0-20 cm and >20-40 cm layers, while the other 4 metals sbowed no certain change pattern in 0-20 cm. 2) At 3 different terrains and 2 soil layers, the degree of contamination ranged in 13.18-14.92, with an average 13.88, which was at medium contamination level. The potential ecological risk index ranged in 239.05-275.57, and average was 255.35, which were at a medium risk level. At 0-20 cm soil layer, the degree of contamination and potential ecological risk demonstrated as plain > gentle slopeland > steep slopeland, and as steep slopeland > plain > gentle slopeland in >20-40 cm soil layer. The Cd was the major contamination element and Pb was the second, while Cd at a high and Pb at a medium contamination level. The other 4 elements did not show contaminations and at a low potential ecological risk.[Conclusions] The contamination degree of heavy metals is higher in plain and gentle slopeland than in steep slopeland. As more human impact on plain land and gentle slopeland while steep slopeland is at a nature state, the slope effect on the heavy metal concentrations, contamination degree and potential ecological risk, and the influence gradually decreases with the reduction of slope.
|
|
Received: 12 July 2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [1] |
聂兴山,孝义铝矿复垦土壤重金属污染潜在生态风险评价[J].中国水土保持科学, 2018, 16(1):116. NIE Xingshan. Potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in the reclaimed soil of Xiaoyi Bauxite Mine[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018, 16(1):116.
|
| [2] |
HAKANSON L. An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control:A sediment of logical approach[J]. Water Research, 1980, 14(8):975.
|
| [3] |
杜建平, 邵景安, 谭少军, 等. 煤矿区土地复垦研究:前景与进展[J].重庆师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 35(1):131. DU Jianping, SHAO Jing'an, TANG Shaojun, et al. The research of land reclamation in coal mining area:Prospects and progress[J]. Journal of Chongqing Normal University(Natural Science), 2018, 35(1):131.
|
| [4] |
樊文华,白中科, 李慧峰, 等.复垦土壤重金属污染潜在生态风险评价[J]. 农业工程学报, 2011, 27(1):348. FAN Wenhua, BAI Zhongke, LI Huifeng, et al. Potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in reclaimed soils[J]. Transactions of the CASE, 2011, 27(1):348.
|
| [5] |
贾振邦, 梁涛. 香港河流重金属污染及潜在生态危害研究[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版),1997, 33(4):485. JIA Zhengban, LING Tao. Study on heavy metal contamination and potential ecological risk in Hong Kong Rivers[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 1997, 33(4):485.
|
| [6] |
徐姗楠,李纯厚,徐娇娇,等.大亚湾石化排污海域重金属污染及生态风险评价[J].环境科学,2014,35(6):2075. XU Shannan,LI Chunhou, XU Jiaojiao1 et al. Pollution by heavy metals in the petrochemical sewage waters of the sea area of Daya Bay and assessment on potential ecological risks[J]. Environmental Science, 2014, 35(6):2075.
|
| [7] |
国家环境保护局,国家技术监督局. 土壤环境质量标准:GB 15618-1995[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社, 1995:3. National Environmental Protection Agency, the State Bureau of Technical Supervision. GB15618-1995 environmental quality standard for soils[S]. Beijing:Standards Press of China, 1995:3.
|
| [8] |
王瑞霖, 程先, 孙然好. 海河流域中南部河流沉积物的重金属生态风险评价[J]. 环境科学, 2014, 35(10):3470. WANG Ruilin, CHENG Xian, SUN Ranhao. Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments in the southern and Central Haihe River Basin[J]. Environmental Science, 2014, 35(10):3470.
|
| [9] |
毛志刚, 谷孝鸿, 陆小明, 等.太湖东部不同类型区疏浚后沉积物重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价[J].环境科学, 2014, 35(1):1863. MAO Zhigang,GU Xiaohong,LU Xiaoming et al. Pollution distribution and potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments from the different eastern dredging regions of Lake Taihu[J]. Environmental Science, 2014, 35(1):1863.
|
| [10] |
方明, 吴友军, 贾英, 等. 长江口沉积物重金属的分布、来源及潜在生态风险评价[J]. 环境科学学报, 2013, 33(2):563. FANG Ming, WU Youjun, JIA Ying, et al. Distribution, sources and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments of the Yangtze River estuary[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2013, 33(2):563.
|
| [11] |
何绪文, 王宇翔, 房增强, 等.铅锌矿区土壤重金属污染特征及污染风险评价[J].环境工程技术学报, 2016, 6(5):476. HE Xuwen, WANG Yuxiang, FANG Zengqiang, et al. Pollution characteristics and pollution risk evaluation of heavy metals in soil of lead-zinc mining area[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2016, 6(5):476.
|
| [12] |
何东明, 王晓飞, 陈丽君, 等. 基于地积累指数法和潜在生态风险指数法评价广西某蔗田土壤重金属污染[J]. 农业资源与环境学报, 2014, 31(2):126. HE Dongming, WANG Xiaofei, CHEN Lijun, et al. Assessment on heavy metals contaminations of sugarcane soil in Guangxi province by the geo-accumulation index and potential ecological risk index[J]. Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment, 2014, 31(2):126.
|
| [13] |
何梦媛, 董同喜, 茹淑华, 等. 畜禽粪便有机肥中重金属在土壤剖面中积累迁移特征及生物有效性差异[J]. 环境科学, 2017, 38(4):1576. HE Mengyuan, DONG Tongxi, RU Shuhua, et al. Accumulation and migration characteristics in soil profiles and bioavailability of heavy metals from livestock manure[J]. Environmental Science, 2017, 38(4):1576.
|
| [14] |
赵旭珍, 李纯乾. 不同下垫面条件下土壤养分流失研究概况[J]. 中国农学通报, 2016, 32(21):129. ZHAO Xuzhen, LI Chunqian. Soil nutrient loss under different underlying surfaces[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2016, 32(21):129.
|
| [15] |
韩张雄, 万的军, 胡建平, 等. 土壤中重金属元素的迁移转化规律及其影响因素[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2017(6):5. HAN Zhangxiong, WAN Dejun, HU Jianping, et al. Migration and transformation of heavy metals in soil and its influencing factors[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2017(6):5.
|
| [16] |
廖强, 刘爱菊. 土壤重金属污染状况与修复技术研究进展[J]. 山东理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 32(4):7. LIAO Qing, LIU Aiju. The state of artin soil heavy metal contamination and remediation technology[J]. Journal of Shandong University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2018, 32(4):7.
|
| [17] |
黄绍文, 唐继伟, 李春. 我国商品有机肥和有机废弃物中重金属、养分和盐分状况[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2017, 23(1):162. HUANG Shaowen, TANG Jiwei, LI Chunhua. Status of heavy metals, nutrients, and total salts in commercial organic fertilizers and organic wastes in China[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, 2017, 23(1):162.
|
| [18] |
李书田, 刘荣乐, 陕红. 我国主要畜禽粪便养分含量及变化分析[J].农业环境科学学报, 2009, 28(1):179. Li Shutian, LIU Rongle, SHAN Hong. Nutrient contents in main animal manures in China[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2009, 28(1):179.
|
| [19] |
周博, 朱振国, 周建斌, 陈竹君. 杨凌地区不同畜禽有机肥养分及重金属含量研究[J]. 土壤通报, 2013, 44(3):714. ZHOU Bo, ZHU Zhenguo, ZHOU Jianbin, et al. Contents of nutrients and heavy metals in the different livestock and poultry manure[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2013, 44(3):714.
|
| [20] |
赵保卫,王刚. 白银市郊区农田土壤重金属污染初步调查与评价[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2010, 33(11):79. ZHAO Baowei, WANG Gang. Preliminary investigation and assessment of farmland soils contaminated by heavy metal around Baiyin City[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2010, 33(11):79.
|
| [21] |
高军侠,党宏斌,郑敏,等. 郑州市郊农田土壤重金属污染评价[J]. 中国农学通报, 2013, 29(21):116. GAO Junxia, DANG Hongbin, ZHENG Min, et al. Heavy metal pollution assessment of farmland soil in suburb in Zhengzhou city[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2013, 29(21):116.
|
| [22] |
赵庆令, 李清彩, 谢江坤, 等. 应用富集系数法和地累积指数法研究济宁南部区域土壤重金属污染特征及生态风险评价[J]. 岩矿测试, 2015, 34(1):129. ZHAO Qingling, LI Qingcai, XIE Jiangkun, et al. Characteristics of soil heavy metal pollution and its ecological risk assessment in South Jining District using methods of enrichment factor and index of geoaccumulation[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2015, 34(1):129.
|
| [23] |
张春梅. 城市土壤重金属的污染和生态风险评价[D]. 杭州:浙江大学,2006:40. ZHANG Chunmei. Heavy metals pollution and ecological risk assessment of urban soil[D]. Hangzhou:Zhejiang University, 2006:40.
|
| [24] |
蓝先洪,孟祥君,梅西,等.辽东湾表层沉积物的重金属污染特征与质量评价[J].海洋学报,2014,40(6):2075. LAN Xianhong, MENG Xiangjun, MEI Xi,et al.Pollution characteristics and quality assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments from the Liaodong Bay[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2014, 40(6):2075.
|
| [25] |
吴劲楠,龙健,刘灵飞,等.某铅锌矿区农田重金属分布特征及其风险评价[J].中国环境科学,2018,38(3):1054. WU Jinnan, LONG Jian, LIU Lingfei, et al. Provincial spatial distribution and risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil of a lead-zinc mining area[J].China Environmental Science, 2018, 38(3):1054.
|
| [26] |
葛敏霞,袁旭音,叶宏萌,等.长江三角洲农灌区沉积物中重金属的污染特征及生态评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2010,29(12):2398. GE Minxia, YUAN Xuyin, YE Hongmeng, et al. Pollution characteristics of heavy metals and their ecological evaluations in sediments from agricultural irrigation area of the Yangtze River Delta region, China[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2010,29(12):2398.
|
| [27] |
薛志斌, 李摇玲, 张少凯, 等.内梅罗指数法和复合指数法在土壤重金属污染风险评估中的对比研究[J].中国水土保持科学, 2018,16(2):119. XUE Zhibin, LI Ling, ZHANG Shaokai, et al. Comparative study between Nemerow index method and compound index method for the risk assessment of soil heavy metal pollution[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018, 16(2):119.
|
|
|
|
