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| Remote sensing monitoring of dynamic change of desertification in typical areas along the Silk Road Economic Zone |
| LIU Yuzhen, Alimujiang KASIMU, Abudumijiti ABULIKEMU |
| Institute of Geographical Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, 830054, Urumqi, China |
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Abstract [Background] Under the influence of high intensive human activities, resources and environment of "Silk Road Economic Zone" is facing severe problems and challenges. The ecological environment is very fragile along this region, especially in the middle part of the Second Eurasian Continental Bridge. Desert and Gobi area accounts for the greater proportion in this region, and desertification problems are very serious. The development and maturity of remote sensing technology may provide strong support for the analysis of the dynamic change of desertification.[Methods] MOD13Q1 with 250 m resolution from 2000 to 2014 were used as data sources, and normalized difference vegetation index method was applied to estimate vegetation coverage, and decision tree classification method of vegetation coverage was to classify desertification degree, then the dynamic change and transfer matrix of land desertification in Silk Road Economic Zone were obtained. [Results] The desertification land in the study area increased from 2000 to 2014, in which the growth amount of desertification land was 98 912.26 km2 and the annual growth rate was 0.11%. Among them, the total area of none desertification transferred to desertification was 308 289.73 km2, which was larger than that of desertification transferred to none desertification and the area was 266 497.67 km2. In spatial distribution, the desertification degree in Central Asia gradually reduced from extremely severe desertification in southwest to light desertification in northeast, and this desertification trend was moving towards the north part of Kazakhstan constantly. Land desertification in China was mostly concentrated in Turpan, Tarim and Qaidam Basin, but the area of desertification in the northern part of Ningxia, Shaanxi, Gansu was reducing. [Conclusion] On the whole, the total desertification area along the Silk Road Economic Zone is increasing, and the desertification degree trends to more severe. The desertification problem is becoming more and more serious. By monitoring and analyzing the dynamic changes of desertification along the Silk Road Economic Zone using remote sensing during 2000—2014, this study provides a theoretical basis and data support for regulation and construction of sustainable development of the oasis in Silk Road Economic Zone.
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Received: 03 November 2016
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