[Background] Loess soil is rich of calcium carbonate. With climate alternations of wetting and drying in soil genes is process,the calcium carbonate happens leaching and deposition and forms calichein soil layer. This caliche rises to ground surface due to intensive soil erosion and human activity in the wind-water erosion crisscross region of the Loess Plateau and then it breaks down to pieces by outside forces to form caliche nodules. Quantifying the distribution pattern of caliche nodule on hillslopes can improve the under standing of soil-water process in special soil type (soil containing caliche nodules) in this region. [Methods] This study aimed to investigate the spatial pattern of caliche nodule on hillslopes,its influencing factors and their interactions through taking soil and plant samples and analyzing surface soil(0-20cm)particle compositions,caliche nodule mass fraction,vegetation above-ground biomasses, coverage, abundance sand diversity indexes in the different positions of the hillslopes. The soil samples were firstly through 2 mm sieve to separate caliche nodules from fine soil. The caliche nodules were then cleaned, dried, and weighed. Finally they were classified by sieves of 5,10,15,20 and 25 mm, respectively. Soil particle composition was measured by MS 2000 laser granulometer. [Results] The results indicated that soil clay particle decreased gradually along the hillslopes. Caliche nodule content had adistribution pattern of single peak along the hillslopes and it achieved peak value (10%-15%) at the position of 1/4-1/3 hillslopes(about 20-30 m distance from the top of the hillslopes). Caliche nodule content was positively correlated with slope gradient. It had single peak curve relationship with vegetation above ground biomass. This peak value was the threshold point of vegetation affecting caliche nodule content and the vegetation coverage at the threshold point was among 11%-16%. Slope gradient and vegetation were two most important factors to control caliche nodule distribution on the hillslopes. Smal lsize caliche nodules spread more widely on the hillslopes and meanwhile their numbers were the most. The dominant size of caliche nodule was 5-15mm. [Conclusions] Caliche nodule content and pattern on the hillslopes reflected the interactions between runoff, vegetation and caliche nodule. Runoff tended to take caliche nodules from higher position to lower position and its carrying force was positively related to slope gradient. Vegetation can reduce the carrying force of runoff and at the same time can intercept caliche nodule. All of the seled to caliche nodule content positively related to slope gradient, and on the other hand it showed a single peak pattern along the slopes. Caliche nodule content could be used as a slope erosion indicator.