In this paper, through the implementation of major science and technology projects in Fujian Province, we elaborate the collaborative development of soil erosion control and recycling agriculture in mountainous areas, taking Changting, Ninghua and Pinghe counties as example. We suggest that: 1) the arbor-shrub-grass planting mode can be promoted for restoring vegetation; 2) an optimized forest-grass-animal husbandry-fertilizer mode can be applied for combination ecological farming; 3) applying the collection and processing technology of solid-liquid separation of pig manure to produce special fertilizer for fruit trees, the cumulative removal rate of COD can reach 99.8%; 4) flue-cured tobacco and rice cropping rotation is suitable for 79.94% of arable land in Changting County, and their stalks can be recycled to fertilize the soil; 5) the grass-animal husbandry-biogas-camellia mode is suitable for purple soil area. In short, systematic engineering should be implemented to control soil erosion, and soil and water conservation should be closely integrated with recycling agricultural development in order to promote mutual benefit. In addition, the proposed mechanism should further improve policies to encourage more enterprises and individuals into comprehensive governance of water and soil erosion, in order to achieve the overall benefits of the economy, society and ecology.