不同降雨强度下庐山日本柳杉林冠层穿透雨延滞效应

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2023.01.004

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (7)

全文: HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要为了探究不同降雨特征下穿透雨过程，依托庐山森林生态系统国家定位观测站，通过观测2017年雨季（4—9月）日本柳杉林内外实时降雨过程定点观测数据，并选取部分典型场次降雨（中雨、大雨和暴雨），分析不同降雨强度下柳杉林冠层时滞效应。结果表明：在2017年雨季，庐山地区降雨呈现出小降雨量（≤5 mm）、短降雨历时（≤2 h）和低降雨强度（≤2 mm/h）的特征。从林外降雨开始至林内出现降雨的起始延滞期内，起始延滞时间（y）随着林外降雨强度（x）的增大而迅速减小，两者之间呈现幂函数关系（y=0.656x^-0.822，R²=0.823 4）。起始延滞时间与林外降雨量之间关系不明显。冠层滞留效应为正滞留效应时，平均降雨强度相对于冠层滞留效应为负滞留效应时更小，且在降雨初期以及降雨末期（≤2 h以及>8 h）时，滞留效应多发生正滞留效应；而在降雨达到峰值时（即降雨中期）滞留效应才会明显出现负滞留效应。在降雨过程中，林冠层对降雨的有效延滞作用主要发生在降雨起始和结束2个阶段，而在中间期冠层拦蓄作用几乎消失，出现林内降雨强度要大于林外降雨强度的情况。在进行水土流失、山洪、泥石流和滑坡等地质灾害预报时，应重点关注降雨中间期。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	黄家辉
	刘苑秋
	许青
	李乐寰
	温林生
	郑希玲
	刘春梅
	邓文平

关键词 ：日本柳杉, 降雨特征, 穿透雨, 庐山

Abstract：[Background] The redistribution of precipitation by forest has always been a hot spot and difficulty in hydrology research. Japanese cedar (Cryptomoria japonica) is the main afforestation tree species in Lushan Mountain, which plays an important role in ecological function such as soil and water conservation, atmospheric purification, and forest recreation. The purpose of this article is to explore the penetration rain process under different rainfall characteristics.[Methods] We did a research on monitoring data of real-time rainfall process of C. japonica forest in Lushan Natural Protection Area from April 2017 to September 2017 based on Lushan Ecosystem Observation and Research Station. And then we selected part of typical rainfall events (three different rainfall levels), and analyzed time lag effects in different rainfall intensity. Through the 5-point method, the throughfall sample points were arranged on sample plot in forest, rainfall sample points were arranged on outside forest, and the data for both of them were collected through the auto rain gauge.[Results] In the rainy season of 2017, the rainfall characteristics of the Lushan Mountain were low (≤ 5 mm), low rainfall intensity(≤ 2 mm/h) and short duration of rainfall(≤ 2 h). During initial lag time from the beginning of rainfall outside the forest to the beginning of rainfall inside the forest, the initial lag time y decreased rapidly with the increase of the rainfall intensity x outside the forest, showing a power function relationship (y=0.656x^-0.822, R²=0.823 4). The relationship between the initial lag time and the rainfall outside the forest was not obvious. The statistical results showed that the average rainfall intensity with positive canopy retention effect was smaller than that with the negative retention effect, and the most retention effect at ≤ 2 h and >8 h of rainfall duration was positive, and negative retention effect was evident at >4~8 h of rainfall reaching peak (mid rainfall duration).[Conclusions] The characteristics of rainfall (rainfall intensity and duration) determine the process of throughfall, and then affect time lag effects of canopy. It can be found that in the process of rainfall, the effective time lag effects of canopy on rainfall mainly occur in the beginning and end of rainfall, while in the middle rainfall duration, the effect of canopy interception can almost be considered to be ignored, and the rainfall intensity inside the forest is greater than that outside the forest.

Key words： Cryptomeria japonica rainfall characteristics throughfall Lushan Mountain

收稿日期: 2020-06-16

PACS:

S715.2

基金资助:国家自然科学基金"庐山针叶林雾水截留、利用机制及其生态效应"（31860236）；江西省林业科技创新专项"水源涵养林提质增效关键技术研究"（201808）

通讯作者: 邓文平(1986-),男,博士,助理研究员。主要研究方向:森林水文和同位素水文。E-mail:deng_wen_ping@126.com E-mail: deng_wen_ping@126.com

作者简介: 黄家辉(1996-),男,硕士。主要研究方向:生态水文和同位素水文。E-mail:1124546078@qq.com

引用本文:

黄家辉, 刘苑秋, 许青, 李乐寰, 温林生, 郑希玲, 刘春梅, 邓文平. 不同降雨强度下庐山日本柳杉林冠层穿透雨延滞效应[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2023, 21(1): 29-36.
HUANG Jiahui, LIU Yuanqiu, XU Qing, LI Lehuan, WEN Linsheng, ZHENG Xiling, LIU Chunmei, DENG Wenping. Time lag effects of throughfall on the canopy of Cryptomeria japonica in Lushan Mountain, China under different rainfall intensity. SSWC, 2023, 21(1): 29-36.

链接本文:

http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/10.16843/j.sswc.2023.01.004 或 http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/Y2023/V21/I1/29

[1]	BLACK P E. Research issues in forest hydrology[J]. JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 1998, 34(4):723.
[2]	巩合德, 王开运, 杨万勤, 等. 川西亚高山白桦林穿透雨和茎流特征观测研究[J]. 生态学杂志, 2004, 23(4):17. GONG Hede, WANG Kaiyun, YANG Wanqin, et al. Throughfall and stemflow in a Betula platyphylla forest at the subalpine of western Sichuan[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2004, 23(4):17.
[3]	GASH J H C, WRIGHT I R, LLOYD C R. Comparative estimates of interception loss from three coniferous forests in Great Britain[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 1980, 48(1/2):89.
[4]	BONELL M. Progress in the understanding of runoff generation dynamics in forests[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 1993, 150(2/4):217.
[5]	高甲荣, 肖斌, 张东升, 等. 国外森林水文研究进展述评[J]. 水土保持学报, 2001, 15(5):60. GAO Jiarong, XIAO Bin, ZHANG Dongsheng, et al. Review on forest hydrology study in world[J]. Journal of Soil Water Conservation, 2001, 15(5):60.
[6]	CROCKFORD R H, RICHARDSON D P. Partitioning of rainfall into throughfall, stemflow and interception:Effect of forest type, ground cover and climate[J]. Hydrological Processes, 2000, 14(16/17):2903.
[7]	LINK T E, UNSWORTH M, MARKS D. The dynamics of rainfall interception by a seasonal temperate rainforest[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2004, 124(3/4):171.
[8]	SAVENIJE H G. The importance of interception and why we should delete the term evapotranspiration from our vocabulary[J]. Hydrological Processes, 2004, 18(8):1507.
[9]	刘玉杰. 天然落叶松林冠截留及林内雨延滞效应研究[D]. 哈尔滨:东北林业大学, 2016:29. LIU Yujie. Canopy interception and lag effect of rain of forest in natural larch forest[D]. Harbin:Northeast Forestry University, 2016:29.
[10]	刘玉杰, 满秀玲, 盛后财. 大兴安岭北部兴安落叶松林穿透雨延滞效应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(11):3285. LIU Yujie, MAN Xiulin, SHENG Houcai. Time lag effects of throughfall in natural Larix gmelinii forest in the north of Great Xing'an Mountains, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2015, 26(11):3285.
[11]	陈书军, 陈存根, 邹伯才, 等. 秦岭天然次生油松林冠层降雨再分配特征及延滞效应[J]. 生态学报, 2012, 32(4):138. CHEN Shujun, CHEN Cungen, ZOU Bocai, et al. Time lag effects and rainfall redistribution traits of the canopy of natural secondary Pinus tabulaeformis on precipitation in the Qinling Mountains, China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32(4):138.
[12]	董玲玲, 康峰峰, 韩海荣, 等. 辽河源3种林分降雨再分配特征及其影响因素[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018, 32(4):145. DONG Lingling, KANG Fengfeng, HAN Hairong, et al. Traits and influencing factors of rainfall redistribution in three types of forest in Liaoheyuan[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018, 32(4):145.
[13]	田娜, 古君龙, 杨新国, 等. 中间锦鸡儿冠层降雨再分配特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2019, 36(4):854. TIAN Na, GU Junlong, YANG Xinguo, et al. Redistribution of rainfall in canopy of Caragana intermedia[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2019, 36(4):854.
[14]	朱志俊, 牛健植, 徐军. 下层修枝对树种水分截留特性的影响[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2019, 17(2):10. ZHU Zhijun, NIU Jianzhi, XU Jun. Effects of lower pruning on water interception of trees[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2019, 17(2):10.
[15]	熊壮, 叶文, 张树斌, 等. 元江稀树灌丛降雨再分配及其与气象因子的关系[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2019, 34(1):47. XIONG Zhuang, YE Wen, ZHANG Shubin, et al. Rainfall redistribution and its relationship with meteorological factors in Yuanjiang Valley-type Savanna, Southwest China[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2019, 34(1):47.
[16]	徐丽娜, 管清成, 赵忠林, 等. 长白山两种林型的降雨截留再分配特征与修正的Gash模型模拟[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2019, 47(3):44. XU Lina, GUAN Qingcheng, ZHAO Zhonglin, et al. Canopy rainfall interception characteristics of two typical forest types in Changbai Mountains and its revised Gash model simulation[J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2019, 47(3):44.
[17]	田风霞, 赵传燕, 冯兆东, 等. 祁连山青海云杉林冠生态水文效应及其影响因素[J]. 生态学报, 2012, 32(4):62. TIAN Fengxia, ZHAO Chuanyan, FENG Zhaodong, et al. Eco-hydrological effects of Qinghai spruce (Picea crassifolia) canopy and its influence factors in the Qilian Mountains[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32(4):62.
[18]	DOLL P, JIMENEZ-CISNEROS B, OKI T, et al. Integrating risks of climate change into water management[J]. Water and Energy International, 2015, 57-RNI(12):77.
[19]	DINGMAN S L. Physical hydrology[M]. Long Grove, Illinois, United States:Waveland Press, 2015:290.
[20]	MIRALLES D G, GASH J H, HOLMES T, et al. Global canopy interception from satellite observations[J]. ProQuest, 2010, 115(D16):8.
[21]	SCHELLEKENS J. The interception and runoff generating processes in the Bisley catchment, Luquillo experimental forest, Puerto Rico[J]. Pergamon, 2000, 25(7/8):659.
[22]	史宇, 余新晓, 张佳音. 北京山区侧柏林林内降雨的时滞效应[J]. 生态学报, 2013, 33(13):4199. SHI Yu, YU Xinxiao, ZHANG Jiayin. Time lag effects of rainfall inside a Platycladus orientalis plantation forest in the Beijing Mountain Area, China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013, 33(13):4199.
[23]	陈书军, 陈存根, 曹田健, 等. 降雨特征及小气候对秦岭油松林降雨再分配的影响[J]. 水科学进展, 2013, 24(4):513. CHEN Shujun, CHEN Cungen, CAO Tianjian, et al. Effects of rainfall characteristics and micrometeorology on rainfall redistribution within Chinese red pine forest[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2013, 24(4):513.
[24]	KLAASSEN W, BOSVELD F, WATER E D. Water storage and evaporation as constituents of rainfall interception[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 1998, 212-213(1/4):36.
[25]	PRICE A G, CARLYLE-MOSES D E. Measurement and modelling of growing-season canopy water fluxes in a mature mixed deciduous forest stand, southern Ontario, Canada[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2003, 119(1):69.