离心机与压力板仪测定土壤水分特征曲线比较

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2022.04.013

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摘要为探究不同土壤类型的土壤水分特征曲线测定差异,采用离心机和压力板仪测定黑土、黄绵土、红壤、紫色土、褐土0~15 300 cm吸力范围的土壤水分特征曲线,对比2种测定方法的结果差异并分析其原因。结果表明:在低吸力段,离心机测定的5种土壤的含水率低于压力板仪,在高吸力段则相反;黑土、黄绵土、褐土和紫色土在高吸力段2种方法的测定具有极显著差异(P<0.01);红壤低吸力段的测定差异显著(P<0.05),高吸力段2种方法测定的含水率十分接近。土壤质地、孔隙分布是影响不同土壤类型2种方法测定差异的主要原因:对于砂粒含量高的土壤类型,离心机测定过程中体积压缩明显导致测定结果不精确;对于黏粒、粉粒含量较高的土壤类型,离心机法相对更为适用。

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关键词 ：土壤水分特征曲线, 孔隙度, 离心机, 压力板仪, 土壤类型

Abstract：[Background] Accurate and efficient determination of soil water retention curve is important for the study of soil water movement and soil erosion. Various measurement methods are based on different mechanisms and each method has different applicability. Comparing method differences across multiple soil types can reflect the influence of soil properties on measurement results of equipment and provide a reference for selecting suitable methods for determining soil water retention curve. [Methods] Centrifuge and pressure plate were used to determine the soil water retention curve of black soil, loessal soil, red soil, cinnamon soil and purple soil in the water erosion region. The determination range of 2 methods was 0-15300cm, and the data were divided into the low suction stage (0-1000cm) and the high suction stage (>1000-15300cm) to analyze the differences between the two methods. A paired samples t test was used to test the significance of the differences in soil volume water content determined by centrifuge and pressure plate. [Results] The water content of 5 soils measured by the centrifuge was lower than that of the pressure plate at low suction stage, contents while the result at high suction stage was the opposite pattern. The measurement results of black soil, loessal soil, cinnamon soil and purple soil had extremely significant differences (P<0.01) at high suction stage. The measurement difference of red soil was significant (P<0.05) at low suction stage, and the water contents measured by the 2 methods at high suction stage were very close. At high suction stage, soil types with high clay and silt content caused incomplete soil drainage due to insufficient balance time in the pressure plate, which was significantly different from the water content determined by the centrifuge. Soil types with high sand content were mainly affected by the change of bulk density at low suction stage, which obviously caused the centrifuge measurement result to be lower than that of the pressure plate. [Conclusions] Soil texture and pore distribution are the main reasons for the difference in measurement between the 2 methods for different soil types. For soils with high sand content, the soil volume is compressed obviously during the centrifuge determination process; for soils with high clay and silt content, the centrifuge method is relatively more suitable.

Key words： soil water retention curve soil porosity centrifuge pressure plate soil type

收稿日期: 2020-10-25

PACS:

S152.7

基金资助:国家自然科学基金"西南黄壤区不同尺度土壤侵蚀与泥沙运移规律耦合关系"(41730748);国家重点研发计划课题"气候变化对生态系统土壤保持服务的影响"(2017YFA0604704)

通讯作者: 张卓栋(1984—),男,博士,副教授。主要研究方向:土壤侵蚀。E-mail:zzhang@bnu.edu.cn E-mail: zzhang@bnu.edu.cn

作者简介: 周卓丽(1996—),女,博士研究生。主要研究方向:土壤侵蚀。E-mail:zzhou@mail.bnu.edu.cn

引用本文:

周卓丽, 张卓栋, 高晓飞, 曲新苗, 何恩佩. 离心机与压力板仪测定土壤水分特征曲线比较[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2022, 20(4): 101-108.
ZHOU Zhuoli, ZHANG Zhuodong, GAO Xiaofei, QU Xinmiao, HE Enpei. Comparison of centrifuge and pressure plate on soil water retention curve determination. SSWC, 2022, 20(4): 101-108.

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