Water-holding characteristics of apple orchards in the gully area of the Loess Plateau
WANG Mengmeng1, LI Gangtie1, DANG Hongzhong2, FENG Jinchao2, LIANG Tianyu1
1. College of Desert Control Science and Engineering of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010018, Hohhot, China; 2. Institute of Desertification Study, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091, Beijing, China
Abstract：[Background] Soil water-holding capacity of orchards is very important for evaluating the water utilization and predicting the yield of fruit trees. The loess gully region belongs to semi-arid area with less precipitation, high evapotranspiration as well as poor land productivity. The orchards in this dry land usually face the serious contradiction between water supply and demand. This study was conducted in the gully area of the Loess Plateau.[Methods] By measuring the main soil physical properties, soil volumetric moisture content together with soil water potential, we plotted the characteristic curve of soil moisture in the orchards of the Loess Plateau, then the soil moisture characteristics and movement rules of apple dry-land orchards in the Loess Plateau were analyzed.[Results] 1) The average soil bulk density of apple dry-land orchard in 0-100 cm soil layer was 1.34 g/cm3. The soil was composed of clay 42.60%, silt 41.61% and sand 15.79%. The total porosity was 46.9%, the soil organic matter was 0.85% and the soil aggregates content was 36.82%. Generally, soil texture and water-holding capacity in this area was fine, but the soil organic matter was low. 2)There were no significant difference in soil bulk density among sub-layers in 100 cm depth soil, in soil silt content as well as in total porosity (P>0.05), demonstrating spatial consistency. However, the capillary water-holding capacity and the field water-holding capacity significantly increased with the increasing of the soil depth (P<0.05). Meanwhile, there were significant differences in water-stable aggregates and soil organic matter content (P<0.01) among sub-layers in 100 cm soil depth. 3) The soil moisture characteristic curve derived by Van Genuchten model based on soil physical parameters was basically consistent with the field measured results and had high reliability.[Conclusions] The depth of fertilization of fruit trees should be deepened from 10-30 to 30-60 cm soil layer due to the capillary roots of fruit trees are mainly distributed in the soil layer of 30-60 cm deep. The soil capillary porosity, soil organic matter, soil capillary water-holding capacity and field water-holding capacity were significantly different along soil layer, and generally increased with the increase of soil depth, thus the cultivation of upper soil should be strengthened. The soil moisture characteristic curves of different soil layers are consistent, but the waterholding capacity in deep soil is higher during the high water suction stage. The change of saturated infiltration system of soil in each layer is consistent with the vertical distribution of soil bulk density and capillary porosity. The results provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of water management scheme for dry-land orchards.
王檬檬, 李钢铁, 党宏忠, 冯金超, 梁田雨. 黄土残塬沟壑区苹果园土壤的持水特征[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2019, 17(6): 27-33.
WANG Mengmeng, LI Gangtie, DANG Hongzhong, FENG Jinchao, LIANG Tianyu. Water-holding characteristics of apple orchards in the gully area of the Loess Plateau. SSWC, 2019, 17(6): 27-33.
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2019, Vol. 17 
