Abstract：[Background] In the rapid development of the social economy, the demand for mineral resources is increasing. Due to large-scale and unreasonable mining activities, the mining environment was seriously damaged, resulting in a large number of abandoned land, which could not be restored in a short period. The continuous degradation of forest ecological environment, soil erosion and soil degradation lead to the significant reduction of vegetation and soil carbon storage. Therefore, artificial measures are urgently needed to restore the ecosystem affected by mining.[Methods]This paper chose the mining area of Zhuang and Miao autonomous prefecture in Wenshan of Yunnan province (the vegetation was completely destroyed) as the research object. The carbon storage of forest ecosystem under natural conditions was analyzed to measure the loss of forest carbon in mining area. Organic carbon content and storage characteristics of arbor layers (leaves, branches, trunk, bark and roots), shrub layers (leaves, roots and branches), herb layers (aboveground and underground parts), litter layers (fresh litter layer, fragmented litter layer and humified litter layer) and soil layers (0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40 and 40-60 cm) were studied. [Results] 1) In the vegetation layer of the mining area ecosystem, the carbon loss of the arbor layer was the main body of the vegetation layer loss (94.6%), followed by the shrub layer (3.4%), litter layer (1.1%) and herb layer (0.9%) were relatively small; 2) After mining, it also caused serious soil carbon loss. The soil organic carbon content and carbon loss in the forest ecosystem of the mining area decreased gradually with the increase of the soil layer. The soil carbon loss was mainly concentrated in the topsoil layer of 0-30 cm, accounting for 64.2% of the total soil carbon loss. 3) After mining, the total vegetation carbon loss reached 288.4 t/hm2, and the total soil carbon loss reached 169.9 t/hm2. Artificial mining destroyed the natural vegetation of the forest, resulting in a high amount of carbon loss in the soil layer and vegetation layer of the mining area. [Conclusions] Under the natural condition in the study area, forest ecosystems has a strong ability of carbon storage, high carbon loss happened after mining for many years. Vegetation restoration technology should be adopted to restore the ecological integrity and land productivity of the damaged land in the mining area, so as to improve the soil quality of the mining area and increase the carbon storage of the forest ecosystem.
邹航, 宋娅丽, 王克勤, 张转敏, 邢进梅. 开采对矿区天然森林生态系统碳损失量的影响[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2022, 20(2): 124-130.
ZOU Hang, SONG Yali, WANG Keqin, ZHANG Zhuanmin, XING Jinmei. Effects of mining on the carbon loss of natural forest ecosystem in mining area. SSWC, 2022, 20(2): 124-130.
刘顺,罗达,刘千里,等.川西亚高山不同森林生态系统碳氮储量及其分配格局[J].生态学报,2017,37(4):1074. LIU Shun, LUO Da, LIU Qianli, et al. Carbon and nitrogen reserves and distribution patterns of different forest ecosystems in subalpine regions of western Sichuan[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(4):1074.
[2]
马学威,熊康宁,张俞,等.森林生态系统碳储量研究进展与展望[J].西北林学院学报,2019,34(5):62. MA Xuewei, XIONG Kangning, ZHANG Yu, et al. Research progress and prospect of carbon storage in forest ecosystem[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2019,34(5):62.
[3]
杨玉盛.全球环境变化对典型生态系统的影响研究:现状、挑战与发展趋势[J].生态学报,2017,37(1):1. YANG Yusheng. Research on the impact of global environmental changes on typical ecosystems:Status, challenges and development trends[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(1):1.
[4]
陶君,陈福均.森林生态系统类型自然保护区生物多样性监测[J].江西农业,2019(18):119. TAO Jun, Chen Fujun.Biodiversity monitoring in forest ecosystem type nature reserve[J]. Jiangxi Agriculture,2019(18):119.
[5]
吴国伟,赵艳玲,付艳华,等.复垦矿区土地利用类型变化对植被碳储量的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2015,23(11):1437. WU Guowei, ZHAO Yanling, FU Yanhua, et al. Effects of land use type changes in reclamation mining areas on vegetation carbon storage[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2015,23(11):1437.
[6]
石锋,李玉域,高清竹,等.管理措施对我国草地土壤有机碳的影响[J].草业科学,2009,26(3):9. SHI Feng, LI Yuyu, GAO Qingzhu, etc.Impact of management measures on grassland soil organic carbon in my country[J]. Grassland Science, 2009, 26(3):9.
[7]
翟艳,高欣欣,段丽.矿山公园建设经验对金厂峪矿山改造和发展的启迪[J].工业建筑,2017,47(6):53. ZHAI Yan,GAO Xinxin,DUAN Li. Enlightenment of mine park construction experience on the reconstruction and development of Jinchangyu mine[J]. Industrial Architecture,2017,47(6):53.
[8]
LIANG Liang,LIJing.Landscape architecture design in China under the influence of postmodernism[J]. Journal of Landscape Research, 2012, 10(7):157.
[9]
李成玉.关于矿山废弃土地的复垦与生态恢复研究[J].科技风,2014(7):98. LI Chengyu. Research on reclamation and ecological restoration of abandoned land in mines[J]. Journal of Science and Technology,2014(7):98.
[10]
寇晓蓉.矿区复垦土地功能提升的方法与途径研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2017:2. KOU Xiaorong.Research on methods and approaches to improve the function of reclamation land in mining areas[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences, 2017:2.
[11]
王沫.大连市废弃矿区生态恢复景观设计研究[D].辽宁大连:大连工业大学,2015:2. WANG Mo. Landscape design research of ecological restoration in abandoned mining area of Dalian[D]. Dalian, Liaoning:Dalian Polytechnic University,2015:2.
[12]
邵月红,潘剑君,许信旺,等.浅谈土壤有机碳密度及储量的估算方法[J].土壤通报,2006, 37(5):1007. SHAO Yuehong,PAN Jianjun,XU Xinwang, et al. Estimation of soil organic carbon density and storage[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2006, 37(5):1007.
[13]
侯芳,王克勤,宋娅丽,等.滇中亚高山典型森林生态系统碳储量及其分配特征[J].生态环境学报,2018,27(10):1825. HOU Fang, WANG Keqin, SONG Yali, et al. Carbon storage and distribution characteristics of typical Alpine forest ecosystems in central Asia, Yunnan[J]. Journal of Ecological Environment, 2018,27(10):1825.
[14]
杨勇.锡林郭勒露天煤矿区土壤重金属分布特征与植被恢复研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2016:36. YANG Yong. Study on distribution characteristics of soil heavy metals and vegetation restoration in Xilingol open-pit coal mine area[D].Huhehot:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2016:36.
[15]
张永杰.森林碳储量研究方法与发展展望[J].农家参谋,2019(10):136. ZHANG Yongjie.Research methods and development prospects of forest carbon storage[J]. Agricultural Staff,2019(10):136.
[16]
杨剑虹,王成林,代亨林.土壤农化分析与环境监测[M].北京:中国大地出版社,2008. YANG Jianhong, WANG Chenglin, DAI Henglin. Soil agrochemical analysis and environmental monitoring[M]. Beijing:China LandPress, 2008.
[17]
郑拴丽,许文强,杨辽,等.新疆阿尔泰山森林生态系统碳密度与碳储量估算[J].自然资源学报,2016,31(9):1553. ZHENG Shuanli, XU Wenqiang, YANG Liao, et al. Estimation of carbon density and carbon reserve in forest ecosystem of altai mountains, Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Natural Resources,2016,31(9):1553.
[18]
邱书志,薄乖民,丁骞,等.白龙江林区森林植被碳储量和碳汇功能研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018, 38(1):88. QIU Shuzhi, BO Guaimin, DING Qian, et al. Study on carbon storage and carbon sink of forest vegetation in Bailongjiang forest area[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry Science and Technology, 2018, 38(1):88.
[19]
GRUIJTER J J D, MCBRATNEY A B, MINASNY B, et al. Farm-scale soil carbon auditing[J]. Geoderma, 2016(265):120.
[20]
周玉荣,于振良,赵士洞.我国主要森林生态系统碳贮量和碳平衡[J].植物生态学报,2000,23(5):518. ZHOU Yurong, YU Zhenliang, ZHAO Shidong. Carbon storage and carbon balance in major forest ecosystems in China[J]. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2000,23(5):518.
2022, Vol. 20 
