不同年限的草方格沙障对生态恢复的影响

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2018.05.002

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摘要为研究草方格沙障不同布设年限沙地恢复状况，分别对裸沙地及草方格沙障布设1、2、5、和10年样地进行分层土壤取样，利用5点取样法、烘干法、统计分析、像素点法等方法对土壤的质量含水量、土壤粒径以及植被恢复状况进行分析。结果表明：1）土壤质量含水量与草方格沙障布设年限呈正相关关系（P<0.05），沙障布设1、2、5、和10年后的质量含水量分别为裸沙地的1.11、1.14、1.36、1.47倍，0~10、10~20、20~30、30~40 cm土壤层的质量含水量分别为裸沙地的1.46、1.26、1.83、1.48倍；2）草方格沙障布设后各土壤层次的土壤粒径均呈现出黏粒及粉粒含量增加、砂粒含量降低的趋势，沙障布设10年后黏粒含量平均增长2.5倍，粉粒含量平均增长1.98倍，砂粒含量平均降低5.25%；3）草方格沙障布设1年即出现先锋植物的萌发，5年后形成稳定先锋草本植被群落，10年后形成稳定的灌木群落，植被盖度达到59.83%，草方格沙障能有效改善地表微环境，改良土壤条件，促进生态恢复。该研究为机械沙障对中国北方沙区沙地生态修复的影响提供参考和依据。

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	张帅
	丁国栋
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	赵媛媛
	于明含
	包岩峰
	王陇

关键词 ：草方格, 含水量, 粒径, 生态恢复

Abstract：[Background] According to the fifth China desertification and sandy status bulletin, China's desertification land accounted for 27.2% of the total land area, while the sandy land accounted for 17.93%. In the prevention and control of wind erosion process, engineering measure is one of the important measures. Due to simple layout and adaptability to various environments, straw checkerboard are widely used to control wind-blown sand in China. Most of the existing researches focus on windproof capacity, while there is less research on ecological restoration of sandy land.[Methods] To study the influence of the straw checkerboard on ecological restoration after their deployment, we conducted a long-term study of the sandy land management in this area over a period of many years. The layers of soil were sampled in plots with straw checkerboard set by 1 year, 2 years, 5 years, and 10 years, respectively, and each 10 cm was for a layer, totally 4 layers for 40 cm soil. The soil quality was carried out by drying method. The analysis of soil particle size was carried out by laser particle size analyzer, and the vegetation restoration was analyzed by pixel method. All data were analyzed by SPSS for statistical analysis.[Results] 1) There was a positive correlation between water quality and straw checkerboard setting years(P<0.05), the mass moisture content of sand plots with laying 1 year, 2 years, 5 years, and 10 years straw checkerboard was 1.11,1.14,1.36,1.47 times, and the 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm, and 30-40 cm soil layer soil were 1.46,1.26,1.83, and 1.48 times than bare sand. The surface soil moisture content showed an increasing trend after the sand barrier set 1 year, and the deep soil moisture content increased obviously after the sand barrier set 5 years. 2) The soil particle size of the soil layer after setting straw checkerboard showed the increase of the clay and grain, and the decrease of the gravel content. The clay content increased by 2.5 times and the grain content increased by 1.98 times, sand content decreased by an average of 5.25%. Sand surface formation of 3-5 mm crust, some areas have begun to appear the presence of loam. The flow sand was basically fixed, the wind erosion was less, and the surface micro-terrain was more stable. 3) The germination of the pioneer plants appeared after sand barrier set 1 year, and the stable herbaceous vegetation community formed after sand barrier set 5 years, at the same time, the shrub plants appeared, the shrub community was formed after sand barrier set 10 years, and the herbaceous plants subsided. The vegetation coverage reached 59.83%. At the same time, we conducted the sample analysis of sand plot that closured 10 years, and found that the total coverage was more than 90%, and there was hardly any sand on the surface of the soil.[Conclusions] Straw checkerboard plays a major role in sand control, it can be effective in improving the surface microenvironment, providing favourable conditions for the restoration of vegetation, further cooperating with vegetation, improving soil and promoting ecological restoration.

Key words： straw checkerboard water content particle size ecological restoration

收稿日期: 2017-09-27

PACS:

S157.1

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目"沙区生态产业技术推广模式及政策研究"（2017YFC0506705）；国家自然科学基金"西北干旱区城镇风雪灾害防护林格局及结构优化配置"（31270749），"梭梭人工林配置结构对防风固沙效果的影响及机理"（31600581）

通讯作者: 丁国栋(1963-),男,博士,教授。主要研究方向:荒漠化防治。Email:dch1999@263.net E-mail: dch1999@263.net

作者简介: 张帅(1991-),男,博士研究生。主要研究方向:荒漠化防治。Email:xxwoshizsxx@163.com

引用本文:

张帅^1,2, 丁国栋^1,2, 高广磊^1,2, 赵媛媛^1,2, 于明含^1,2, 包岩峰³, 王陇^1,2. 不同年限的草方格沙障对生态恢复的影响[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2018, 16(5): 10-15.
ZHANG Shuai, DING Guodong, GAO Guanglei, ZHAO Yuanyuan, YU Minghan, BAO Yanfeng, WANG Long. Effects of straw checkerboard barrier in different setting years on ecological restoration. SSWC, 2018, 16(5): 10-15.

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/10.16843/j.sswc.2018.05.002 或 http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/Y2018/V16/I5/10

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