摘要为研究露天矿排土场不同复垦模式下多种土壤酶与土壤肥力因子的相关程度，采集阜新市海州露天矿排土场3种复垦模式（刺槐林地、白榆林地、草地）和荒裸地的0~5，5~10，10~20和20~30 cm 4个土层的土壤，利用单因素方差分析和典型相关分析（canonical correlation analysis）法分析排土场3种复垦模式下土壤酶活性和土壤肥力的相关性。3种复垦模式与荒裸地比较，土壤酶活性及土壤肥力显著提高（P<0.05）。相同深度白榆林地土壤酶活性显著高于其他复垦模式，且土壤肥力较高；同一样地随着土层深度的增加，土壤酶活性和土壤肥力呈现出逐渐降低的趋势。第1对典型变量相关系数0.998，表明综合土壤酶活性因子与综合土壤肥力因子具有显著的相关性。采用种植白榆的复垦模式对露天矿排土场土壤改良效果较好。不同复垦模式下土壤酶中蔗糖酶、蛋白酶和脲酶与土壤肥力相关性显著。典型相关变量组可以作为海州矿排土场土壤酶和土壤肥力指示因子。
Abstract：[Background] This study aims to explore the soil improvement status of Haizhou opencast coal mine dump acted on different reclamation modes, coupled with the correlation degree between multiple soil enzymes and soil fertility. This study takes acacia woodland, elm woodland and grassland of Haizhou opencast dump in Fuxin as sample plots, and makes a comparison with the bare land. By comparative analysis, the soil enzyme activity and soil fertility status as well as their correlation are obtained.[Methods] For the measurement of soil enzyme, volumetric method, TTC colorimetry, ninhydrin colorimetry, disodium phosphate colorimetry, dinitrosalicylic acid colorimetry, and sodium hypochlorite colorimetry was applied to measure the activity of catalase, dehydrogenase, protease, alkaline phosphatase, sucrase, and urease, respectively. For the determination of soil fertility, Kjeldahl boiling method, acid solution-molybdenum antimony colorimetric method, and flame photometry was adapted to determine the total nitrogen content, the total phosphorus content, and available potassium content, respectively. Soil samples from 4 soil layers of 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm were collected and combined. The single factor analysis of variance and the canonical correlation analysis were used for their correlation. First, the current situation among the soil enzyme activities (catalase, dehydrogenase, protease, alkaline phosphatase, sucrase, and urease), soil fertility (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and available potassium) and pH value were set forth in different reclamation modes of dump, and also for which the reasons were investigated. Then, this paper adapted canonical correlation analysis to analyze the correlation between soil enzyme activity and soil fertility under different reclamation modes.[Results] Compared with that of the bare land, the soil enzyme activity and soil fertility of the three reclamation lands were significantly improved (P<0.05). The soil enzyme activity of elm forest at the same depth was significantly higher than that of other plots, and the soil fertility was higher, and the effect of soil improvement was better. Besides, in the same plot, the soil enzyme activity level and soil fertility level gradually decreased with the increase of soil depth. The correlation coefficient of the first pair of canonical variables was 0.998, indicating that protease had significant correlation with total nitrogen, total phosphorus and available potassium. The second correlation coefficient of typical variables was 0.986, showing that the sucrase had significant correlation with organic matter. The third correlation coefficient of the canonical variable was 0.871, indicating that sucrase, protease and urease were closely related to pH value.[Conclusions] It is found that planting elm has significant effects on increasing the activity of catalase, protease, alkaline phosphatase, sucrase, as well as and the content of total nitrogen content and organic matter. Meanwhile, planting elm also contributes to stabilize soil pH value. Sucrase, protease and urease in soil enzyme are closely related to total nitrogen, organic matter and pH value in soil fertility. Soil sucrase activity and protease activity can be used to characterize soil fertility.
刘宝勇, 赵凯, 宋子岭, 李岩岩. 海州露天矿排土场不同复垦模式下土壤酶与土壤肥力典型相关分析[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2018, 16(4): 97-105.
LIU Baoyong, ZHAO Kai, SONG Ziling, LI Yanyan. Canonical correlation analysis between soil enzyme and soil fertility under different reclamation modes in Haizhou opencast coal mine dump. SSWC, 2018, 16(4): 97-105.
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2018, Vol. 16 
