北京地区黄栌树干液流变化的环境驱动机制

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2024026

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摘要为探究北京主要造林树种黄栌树干液流在季节与昼夜尺度上的环境调控机制,为人工林经营管理提供科学支持,以蟒山国家森林公园主要造林树种黄栌(Cotinus coggygria)为研究对象,在2021年生长季(4—9月),采用热扩散技术对黄栌树干液流速率进行原位连续观测,并同步观测环境要素如空气温度(T_a)、相对湿度(R_H)、光合有效辐射(PAR)和土壤体积含水量(VWC),通过回归与通径分析方法探究环境因子对树干液流的驱动机制。主要研究结果:黄栌生长季累积蒸腾量为90 mm。昼夜尺度液流速率(J_s)主要受PAR调控,呈正相关关系(R²=0.93),二者到达峰值的时间存在0.5 h的时滞。季节尺度,日平均液流速率(J^d_s)主要受蒸气压差(VPD)调控,VPD对液流速率的调控阈值为1.5 kPa:当VPD < 1.5 kPa时,VPD直接驱动液流变化,呈正线性相关关系(R²=0.94);当VPD > 1.5 kPa时其对液流速率的调控作用减弱,气孔导度(g_s)对液流速率的调控作用增强,且g_s随VPD的上升呈指数型下降(R²=0.88)。在生长旺期(6—8月),J^d_s随T_a、VPD、PAR的上升而上升,但与VWC间没有明显关系。研究发现黄栌具有低耗水性,昼夜尺度液流主要受光合有效辐射限制,季节尺度液流速率主要受蒸汽压差调控,黄栌可通过调节气孔导度适应大气干旱,为北京营造水源涵养林、水土保持林树种选择提供科学依据。

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	张敏
	钱多
	张咏
	李鑫豪
	刘鹏
	赵洪贤
	刘新月
	徐清风
	查天山

关键词 ：黄栌, 树干液流, 环境因子, 时间尺度, 时滞效应

Abstract：[Background] The water conservation function of a forest ecosystem is of great significance for sustainable development in a region. The transpiration of a plantation is an important component of forest water cycle and a key indicator reflecting the water conservation function of a forest. The measurement of sap flow can accurately estimate the process of a forest plantation. [Methods] Sap flow density of plantation species, Cotinus coggygria, was continuously measured in situ during the growing season from April to September in 2021 in Mangshan National Forest Park in Beijing using thermal diffusion method. Environmental factors including air temperature (T_a), relative humidity (R_H), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and soil volumetric water content (VWC) were measured simultaneously. Besides, vapor pressure deficit (VPD) was calculated by substituting T_a and R_H into the formula. This study examined the variations of sap flow density and environmental factors on the diurnal and seasonal scale, as well as analyzed the correlation between them via regression analysis and path analysis. [Results] The cumulative transpiration was 90 mm during the growing season. On the diurnal scale, sap flow density was mainly controlled by PAR, showing a positive correlation (R² = 0.93), There was a time lag of 0.5 h between the peak values of sap flow density and PAR. On the seasonal scale, sap flow density was mainly regulated by VPD, and there was a threshold for this regulation at 1.5 kPa. When VPD is less than 1.5 kPa, the changes in sap flow density were directly related to VPD, showing a positive linear correlation between them (R² = 0.94). When VPD is more than 1.5 kPa, the regulatory effect of VPD on sap flow density gradually weakened, while the regulatory effect of stomatal conductance (gs) on sap flow density increased, and gs had an exponential decline with the rise of VPD (R² = 0.88). During the mid-growing season from June to August, sap flow density increased with the rise of T_a, VPD and PAR, but there was no significant relationship with VWC. [Conclusions] It is concluded that C. coggygri had the characteristics of lower water consumption,and its sap flow density was mainly controlled by PAR on the diurnal scale and was regulated by VPD on the seasonal scale. This species can adapt to atmospheric drought by regulating stomatal conductance. This study provides scientific basis for the species selection in developing forest plantations for soil and water conservation in Beijing.

Key words： Cotinus coggygria sap flow environmental factor time scale time lag effect

收稿日期: 2024-02-27

PACS:	S718.4
	Q945.17

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目“典型人工林生态系统对全球变化适应机制”(2020YFA0608100);北京市园林绿化局“北京园林绿化生态系统监测网络新建站数据管理项目”(GJH-2023-027);北京市教委科技计划一般项目“北京常见彩叶树种资源利用效率及其生态功能研究”(KM201912448001)

通讯作者: 查天山(1965—),男,博士,教授。主要研究方向:生态系统碳水循环。E-mail:tianshanzha@bjfu.edu.cn E-mail: tianshanzha@bjfu.edu.cn

作者简介: 张敏(1997—),女,硕士研究生。主要研究方向:生态系统水循环。E-mail:724767308@qq.com

引用本文:

张敏, 钱多, 张咏, 李鑫豪, 刘鹏, 赵洪贤, 刘新月, 徐清风, 查天山. 北京地区黄栌树干液流变化的环境驱动机制[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2024, 22(3): 82-92.
ZHANG Min, QIAN Duo, ZHANG Yong, LI Xinhao, LIU Peng, ZHAO Hongxian, LIU Xinyue, XU Qingfeng, ZHA Tianshan. Driving forces of the variations in sap flow inCotinus coggygria in Beijing. SSWC, 2024, 22(3): 82-92.

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/10.16843/j.sswc.2024026 或 http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/Y2024/V22/I3/82

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