Abstract：[Background] Ecological environment in the arid desert area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is fragile, anti-interference ability is low and vegetation growth is easily affected by external conditions. Under the influence of climate change characterized by global warming and encroachment from human grazing, construction and other activities, problems such as the decline of grassland productivity and the expansion of decertified land area have become increasingly apparent in this area. In this context, it is urgent to study the temporal and spatial distribution of vegetation cover and its change characteristics in this area, and monitoring vegetation growth by remote sensing data is of great significance for regional desertification control, land sustainable utilization and ecological environment protection. [Methods] Based on global land surface satellite (GLASS) LAI data and auxiliary factors such as temperature, precipitation, topography, population (POP) and gross domestic product (GDP), this study used maximum synthesis method, trend analysis method, coefficient of variation method and partial correlation analysis method to explore the spatiotemporal variation of vegetation LAI and its relationship with temperature and precipitation in the arid desert area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (including 4 physical regions:H1D1:Kunlun high mountain and plateau alpine desert region. H2D1:Qaidam Basin desert region. H2D2:Kunlun mountain north desert region. H2D3:Ngali mountain desert region) from 1981 to 2018. At the same time, the influence of POP and GDP change on land use and vegetation cover were analyzed. [Results] The spatial distribution of LAI of vegetation was generally low and showed a significant increasing trend during the past 38 years (P<0.05). In the study area, 64.85% of areas tended to increase and 35.15% of areas tended to degenerate. In these four physical regions, the LAI distribution of vegetation from high to low was H2D3, H2D2, H2D1 and H1D1. 2) There were differences in LAI change characteristics of vegetation at different altitude ranges, showing an insignificant decreasing trend ≤ 2 000 m (P>0.05), and a significant increasing trend >2 000 m (P<0.05). Taking 4 000 m as the cut-off point, the coefficient of variation roughly presented a "groove shape" characteristic of high at both sides and low in the middle. On the whole, the LAI fluctuation was higher in the elevation of >6 000 m and ≤ 2 000 m. 3) The proportion of areas with positive correlation between vegetation LAI and temperature and precipitation were 63.93% and 52.72%, respectively. Among them, 11.56% and 4.45% of the areas passed the significance test, respectively. Temperature had a more significant effect on vegetation LAI changes compared to precipitation. From 1981 to 2018, the hydrothermal environment in the arid desert area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau gradually shifted toward warming and humidification, which positively influenced the vegetation growth. Economic development and rising population brought certain negative effects on vegetation cover, which were reflected in land use changes, mainly showing the characteristics of grassland degradation, increase of unused land, expansion of construction land, growth of farmland, enlarge of water, and extension of woodland. [Conclusions] This study revealed the temporal spatial distribution and variation characteristics of vegetation cover in the arid desert area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and analyzed the relationship between vegetation LAI and influencing factors, which may provide a basis and reference for desertification prevention, land sustainable use, sustainable development and environmental protection in this area for future.
郭玉超, 任鸿瑞. 青藏高原干旱荒漠地区叶面积指数时空变化及影响因素[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2023, 21(5): 38-50.
GUO Yuchao, REN Hongrui. Spatiotemporal variation and influencing factors of leaf area index in the arid desert area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. SSWC, 2023, 21(5): 38-50.
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2023, Vol. 21 
