Abstract：[Background] Revegetation is one of the best ways for recovering copper mine tailings and it also shows favorable ecological, social and economic benefits. Screening the best pioneer herbaceous plant species and their combinations are the prerequisite for revegetation on copper mine tailings.[Methods] Based on the field investigation in naturally-colonized plant communities on Shibahe copper mine tailings of Zhongtiaoshan mining area of Shanxi, we analyzed the interspecific associations and indexes of niche of 11 dominant herbaceous species. We used variance ratio method (VR), M. Godron method, niche breadth, niche overlap and interspecific association methods, including χ2-test, association coefficient (AC), Ochiai index (OI), Pearson correlation coefficients and Spearman rank correlation coefficients.[Results] 1) The positive and negative ratios associations of Pearson correlation coefficient and Spearman rank correlation coefficient of 55 species-pairs among 11 dominant herbaceous species in naturally colonized herbaceous plant communities were <1 and most species-pairs had no significant interspecific correlation. The overall association of 11 dominant species had also no significantly negative correlation, which was consistent with the results of variance ratio (VR), AC and OI. 2) The 11 dominant herbaceous species were classified into 3 ecological species groups by clustering analysis based on the Spearman rank correlation coefficients and most species-pairs belonging to the same ecological species group with positive correlation. Soil moisture was the key factor caused the differentiation of 3 ecological species group. 3) The niche overlap index of 11 dominant herbaceous species was <0.4 and its results were consistent with the interspecific associations. Among them, the dominant species Phragmites australis, Bolboschoenus planiculmis, seedling of Salix babylonica and Scirpus yagara with great niche breadth had strong ecological adaptability to tolerate the poor soil of copper mine tailings, and thus was recommended as the best pioneer species for future revegetation on copper mine tailings. The dominant species-pairs B. planiculmis-seedling of S. babylonica, B. planiculmis-S. yagara, and S. yagara-seedling of S. babylonica showed significantly positive associations, while the P. australis showed significantly negative associations with other 10 dominant species.[Conclusions] The community structure of the naturally colonized herbaceous plants on Shibahe copper mine tailings of Zhongtiaoshan mining area was unstable, and they were still in the early stage of succession. The interspecific associations were loose and no obvious competitive relationship between dominant herbaceous species. The dominant species B. planiculmis, seedling of S. babylonica and S. yagara could be mixed planting in future revegetation on local copper mine tailings, while P. australis couldn't be mixed planting with other 10 dominant species.
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2019, Vol. 17 
