Temporal and spatial distribution of the shading intensity of apple-soybean intercropping system in the loess area of western Shanxi
PENG Ruidong, BI Huaxing, GUO Mengxia, SUN Yubo, DUAN Hangqi, WANG Jingjing
1. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China;
2. Ji County Station, Chinese National Ecosystem Research Network, 100083, Beijing, China;
3. The Collaborative Innovation Center for Promoting Ecological Functions of Forestry and Economic Trees, 102206, Beijing, China;
4. Beijing Water & Soil Conservation Ecological Project Consulting Co., Ltd., 100055, Beijing, China
Abstract：[Background] Agroforestry system is one of the important soil and water conservation measures in the loess hilly area of western Shanxi. Apple-soybean intercropping system is one of the most common agroforestry systems. Agroforestry can take into account economic benefits and benefits of soil and water conservation. Quantitative analysis of shading intensity of apple-soybean intercropping system and its spatial-temporal dynamic distribution characteristics may provide a theoretical basis for the configuration model of fruit-crop intercropping system based on light environment, and contribute to soil and water conservation and agricultural sustainable development in the loess region of western Shanxi.[Methods] An intercropping system of 5-year-old apple-soybean on the loess area of western Shanxi was studied. The spatial and temporal distribution of shading intensity and its impact on soybean were studied through a method combined by positional monitoring and mathematical analysis. The diurnal variation chart and the growth season variation diagram of the shading intensity were plotted based on the photosynthetically active radiation measured value, from which the correlation between the temporal and spatial distribution of shading intensity and soybean yield was analyzed.[Results] 1) The shading intensity of the apple-soybean intercropping system decreased from the center to the periphery. The average shading intensity on the north and south sides of the tree were 0.29 and 0.22, respectively; and the average shading intensity on the west and east sides of the tree were 0.26 and 0.24, respectively. 2) The average daily shading intensity of intercropped crops in pod-forming period, flowering and seedling period were 0.28, 0.17 and 0.14, respectively. 3) The biomass and yield distribution of soybean showed an increase from the position of the surrounding fruit trees to the center of the study area. The shading intensity of the fruit trees was significantly negatively correlated with the biomass and yield of soybeans, and also the shading intensity during the pod-forming stage had the greatest impact on yield.[Conclusions] To effectively mitigate the interspecific competition in apple-soybean intercropping systems, soybean should be planted in the central area of the intercropping system, and the planting amount in the north and west of the apple tree rows should be slightly less than that in the South and east of the apple tree rows. In addition, in the podding stage of soybeans, agronomic measures such as laying reflective film can be used to increase photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) under the forest to increase soybean yield.
彭瑞东1, 毕华兴1,2,3, 郭孟霞4, 孙于卜1, 段航旗1, 王晶晶1. 晋西黄土区苹果大豆间作系统 果树遮阴强度的时空分布[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2019, 17(2): 60-69.
PENG Ruidong, BI Huaxing, GUO Mengxia, SUN Yubo, DUAN Hangqi, WANG Jingjing. Temporal and spatial distribution of the shading intensity of apple-soybean intercropping system in the loess area of western Shanxi. SSWC, 2019, 17(2): 60-69.
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2019, Vol. 17 
