Distribution of moisture storage and fine root biomass in deep soil layers under typical artificial vegetation during the growing season in the Loess Plateau of western Shanxi, China
LIU Xinchun, ZHAO Yonggang, LIU Xiaofang, ZHU Xingfei, GAO Ran, LI Wenyu
School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, 041000, Linfen, Shanxi, China
Abstract：[Background] The Loess Plateau of western Shanxi is one of China's most degraded land regions with serious soil erosion. Since the Grain-for-Green Program was implemented in this region, a growing number of exotic trees have been introduced by human activities. Due to their strong water consumption via deep roots, the contradiction between vegetation water demand and soil water supply has become increasingly prominent. Currently, there is a lack of research linking the characteristics of deep (>2 m) soil moisture storage (SMS) and fine root distribution in the Plateau. This study analyzed the distribution of SMS and fine root biomass (FRB), and assessed their relationship under typical artificial vegetation types during the growing season in western Shanxi of the Loess Plateau.[Methods] Four artificial vegetation types (Medicago sativa, Robinia pseudoacacia, Platycladus orientalis, and Juglans regia) were selected from the study region, with long-term cropland as the control. Soil and root samples were taken from depths of 0-500 cm at 10 or 20 cm intervals. SMS was derived from soil moisture content that was measured based on oven-drying at 105-110℃, while FRB (<2 mm) was measured after drying at 80℃ to constant weight. Differences among the treatments in deep layers were examined for SMS and FRB by one-way analysis of variance. The relationship between SMS and FRB in each deep layer was analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficients.[Results] Based on the distribution of soil moisture content, the soil profile was divided into 2 layers of shallow (0-70 cm) and deep (70-500 cm); the latter was subdivided into precipitation infiltration layer (70-160 cm), transition layer (160-280 cm), and relatively stable layer (280-500 cm). The SMS in deep layers significantly differed among the 5 treatments (P<0.05). Compared with the control, the total deficit of SMS in deep soil profile under artificial vegetation types ranked as R. pseudoacacia (-448.25 mm) > J. regia (-357.6 mm) > M. sativa (-170.83 mm) > P. orientalis (-161.93 mm). There were significant negative correlations between FRB and SMS in the infiltration and stable layers (P<0.05). The FRB in deep soil profile of all 5 treatments accounted for approximately 37% of the FRB in the total soil profile. The average FRB in deep soil profile decreased in the order P. orientalis (2.9 g/m2) > R. pseudoacacia (2.68 g/m2) > J. regia (2.67 g/m2) > M. sativa (1.67 g/m2) > control (0.56 g/m2).[Conclusions] Deep soil moisture was depleted by artificial vegetation and this was closely related to the distribution of FRB in the deep soil profile. The strong linkage between local moisture conditions in the soil and water consumption by plant roots (especially R. pseudoacacia and J. regia) should be considered during the construction of artificial vegetation in the semi-arid Loess Plateau region.
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LIU Xinchun, ZHAO Yonggang, LIU Xiaofang, ZHU Xingfei, GAO Ran, LI Wenyu. Distribution of moisture storage and fine root biomass in deep soil layers under typical artificial vegetation during the growing season in the Loess Plateau of western Shanxi, China. SSWC, 2019, 17(1): 95-101.
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2019, Vol. 17 
