Abstract：[Background] Rainfall erosivity (R-factor) is one of the most important factors in the universal soil loss equation (USLE), which directly reflects the potential of soil erosion caused by rainfalls. Due to the unique topography and climate in the red soil region of South China, rainfall erosion force is three times higher in this region than in other regions of China. Therefore, analyses of R-factor and its spatial and temporal variations will be valuable for understanding the soil erosion processes in the red soil region, as well as for evaluating soil erosion and conducting soil and water conservation practices.[Methods] The R-factor was calculated using a simple algorithm model based on monthly precipitation data from four rainfall stations in the Lianshui basin from 2000 to 2016, followed by analyses of temporal and spatial variations of R-factor via statistical methods and the ArcGIS spatial analysis. The non-parametric Mann-Kendall test (i.e. the M-K test) was also applied to evaluate the monotonic trend of R-factor over the study period.[Results] 1) Annual R values in the Lianshui basin averaged at 5 899.0 MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a) from 2000 to 2016, of which the maximum and minimum values were 10 306.9 MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a) (2015) and 2 387.1 MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a) (2003), respectively. The inter-annual variation of R values was generally moderate in the four rainfall stations, with the coefficients of variation ranging from 0.37 to 0.43 and showing no difference in variation among stations. 2) Similar to the intra-annual distribution pattern of rainfalls, there was one peak in terms of the intra-annual variation of R values. Specifically, monthly R values distributed mainly between March and August within a year, which accounted for 80.92% of the annual R value. The maximum and minimum monthly R value were observed in June and December respectively, which accounted for 23.87% and 1.86% of the annual R value. 3) The statistical results of M-K tests (i.e. M values) on R values were all positive (ranging from 0.31 to 0.78) in the four rainfall stations over the study period, suggesting a potential increasing trend in the probability of soil erosion in the study region. However, all M values were not statistically significant. 4) Annual R values ranged from 1 904.1 to 10 841.48 MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a) in the four rainfall stations, with no sinificant difference among them. The spatial distribution pattern of R values was similar to the spatial pattern of rainfalls in the Lianshui basin, both of which showed a gradually increasing trend from the northeast to the southwest of the basin.[Conclusions] In our study, a model using monthly rainfall data was applied to calculate the rainfall erosion force, and the characteristics of its spatial and temporal variation were analyzed. Our results suggested that both intra-and inter-annual variations of rainfall erosivity in the Lianshui basin were consistent with the temporal and spatial distribution of rainfalls and the precipitation patterns in the region.
杨文利, 赵建民, 朱平宗, 闫靖坤, 黄国敏. 南方红壤区潋水流域降雨侵蚀力时空特征[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2018, 16(3): 18-25.
YANG Wenli, ZHAO Jianmin, ZHU Pingzong, YAN Jingkun, HUANG Guomin. Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of rainfall erosivity of the Lianshui basin in the red soil region of South China. SSWC, 2018, 16(3): 18-25.
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2018, Vol. 16 
