Comprehensive assessment on soil moisture and nutrient conservation of environment functional materials
LI Jiazhu, HUANG Zhanbin, BAO Fang, CHEN Wei
1. Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100093, Beijing, China;
2. School of Chemical and Environment Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, 100083, Beijing, China;
3. Beijing SysTek Orient Environmental Hi-Tech Co., Ltd., 100070, Beijing, China
Abstract：[Background] Water deficit and poor fertilizer in soil are very serious in northwestern arid and semi-arid area of China. Meanwhile, water and fertilizer conversation ability of soil is always limited on agricultural development and environmental management in these regions. To search proper additive materials as synergist to improve soil capacity of absorbing and conserving water is an efficient way. Thus, environment functional material is a suitable kind of material with good function, environmental harmonization and economic efficiency. The wide application of environment functional materials provides new method to water and nitrogen conversation in agriculture and environmental harness. With more and more new environment functional materials being developed constantly, a critical problem needs handling is how to evaluate the effects quantitatively of the materials with various composition and proportion. But no relative effective method has been reported yet.[Methods] In present study, a kind of composite material was chosen as the additive material with three kinds of environment function materials, which were super absorbent polymer(SAP), zeolite and humid acid. The soil-column leaching was used experimentally for the effect of the composite material on water-conserving capacity. Ten treatments were formed by different kinds of proportion with each material in three amount levels, including a control treatment as CK with no material added. With four times leaching, the conversation amounts of water and nitrogen were measured after each leaching. Based on the results of soil-column leaching experiment, an analytical hierarchy process-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (AHP-FCE) method was introduced to assess the effectiveness of water and nitrogen conservation. Moreover, the economic efficiency of the materials, which was rarely involved in relative studies, was evaluated with AHP-FCE method in this study.[Results] When the application amount of the compound material on unit area was the same, the effect of water conservation was the best when the ratio between the three environmental functional materials SAP, zeolite and humid acid was 2:20:1. When the proportion ratios of the three materials were 1:100:10, 1:20:0.2 and 1:2:1, the effects were the best for ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and urea nitrogen conservation, respectively. When the proportion ratio of the three materials was 1:10:1, the compound material had the best economic efficiency. The comprehensive effect of the compound material was the best when the proportion ratio of the three materials was 1:10:1. Compared with the control treatment (CK) in the experiment, the best conversation effects of water, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and urea nitrogen were 1.22, 1.20, 4.19 and 1.19 times of the CK, respectively. The best proportion selection also performed favorable economic efficiency as well.[Conclusions] This study proves the reliability of the comprehensive assessment method for multi-function environmental materials. The AHP-FCE method can avoid the randomness caused by subjective deviation, and the disadvantage of uncertainty of fuzzy evaluation, therefore, the AHP-FCE method can be used effectively in comprehensive evaluation and selection of environment functional materials.
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2018, Vol. 16 
