Three N addition treatments (0, 60, 240 kg/ (hm²·a)) in a Castanea mollissima plantation were applied and trench method was adopted for partitioning autotrophic respiration, which was designed to analyze the response mechanism of soil respiration of different components to nitrogen addition, The results showed that 1) nitrogen addition had no significant influence on soil temperature and moisture(P >0.05); 2) total soil respiration, heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration rates in the control plot were (3.47±0.09), (2.26±0.10) and (1.21±0.16) μmol/(m²·s), respectively. The response of soil respiration of different components to nitrogen addition treatments varied. Low鄄N addition significantly stimulated total soil respiration, heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration (P <0.05), in contrast to that high—N addition significantly suppressed total soil respiration and heterotrophic respiration (P <0.01), but had no influence on autotrophic respiration (P >0.05). 3) The Q₁₀ values of total soil respiration, heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration were 2.44, 1.93 and 4.10, respectively. Nitrogen addition treatments significantly decreased Q₁₀ value of autotrophic respiration (P <0.05), but had no significant influence on total soil respiration and heterotrophic respiration.