中条山中段生态公益林典型森林群落天然更新特征及其影响因素

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2022203

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (13)

全文: HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要明确森林更新特征及其影响因素，对提高森林涵养水源与水土保持效能有重要意义。中条山林区水土大量流失，植被退化严重。选取中条山中段7种典型森林群落为研究对象，从树种组成、数量特征和空间分布格局方面综合分析林下更新特征，并探究影响林下天然更新的关键因子。结果表明：1）7种群落更新树种组成差异显著（P<0.05），辽东栎为更新优势种，华山松次之。辽东栎林除外，各群落林下更新不良，更新密度最低仅为38株/hm²。林下更新在2 m×2 m尺度上总体呈聚集分布，聚集强度指数最高3.36。2）枯落物与土壤厚度是影响幼苗更新的关键因子，其他因子只在特定林分发挥显著作用。山杨辽东栎混交林中，幼苗密度与枯落物厚度显著正相关（P<0.05），枯落物厚度2.7~3.7 cm时，幼苗密度较大（200~450株/hm²）；油松辽东栎混交林中，幼苗密度与土壤厚度显著正相关（P<0.05），土壤厚度15~24 cm时，幼苗密度较大（250~675株/hm²）。3）同一林分内，幼树对林分密度变化的响应更敏感。后续森林经营中可通过清理枯落物、林窗补植，加快演替进程。研究结果可为该区植被的合理经营管理提供理论支持。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	杨晓虎
	宁鹏
	高润梅
	张雨晴
	赵润泽

关键词 ：水土保持林, 天然更新, 更新能力, 分布格局

Abstract：[Background] Because of the large amount of soil and water loss in Zhongtiao Mountains and the formation of fragmented topography over the years, the ecological environment has been destroyed, and the vegetation degradation is serious, therefore, the study of understory regeneration is of great significance for vegetation restoration and soil and water conservation. In order to clarify the present situation of natural regeneration of non-commercial forest, we should find out the key factors affecting natural regeneration, promote forest regeneration, and improve the efficiency of water and soil conservation. [Methods] Seven typical forest communities of ecological public welfare forest in the middle section of Zhongtiao Mountains were selected as the research objects, after setting plots, field investigation and data analysis, the characteristics of understory regeneration were analyzed from three aspects:species composition, quantitative characteristics and spatial distribution pattern, and the key factors affecting understory natural regeneration were explored. [Results] 1) There was significant difference in species composition among the 7 species of community regeneration (P<0.05). Quercus wutaishansea was the dominant species, followed by Pinus armandii. Except Q. wutaishansea forest, the regeneration density was only 38 trees/hm². The understory regeneration showed aggregation distribution on the 2 m×2 m scale, and the aggregation intensity index was the highest (3.36). 2) Litter and soil thickness were the key factors affecting seedling regeneration, while topographic factors, stand density and coverage of shrub and grass only play significant roles in specific stands. In the mixed forest of Populus davidiana and Q. wutaishansea, the density of seedlings was significantly and positively correlated with the thickness of litter (P<0.05), and the density of seedlings was higher (200-450 trees/hm²) when the thickness of litter was 2.7-3.7 cm, while in the mixed forest of Pinus tabuliformis and Q. wutaishansea, the density of seedlings was significantly positively correlated with the thickness of soil (P<0.05), and the density of seedlings was higher (250-675 trees/hm²) when the thickness of soil was 15-24 cm. 3) In the same stand, the seedlings and saplings responded differently to the change of stand density, and the saplings were more sensitive. [Conclusions] Scientific management measures should be taken in the follow-up forest management, which may accelerate the succession process by clearing litter and replanting gaps. This study may provide reference for adjusting stand structure and improving stand quality, and play an important role in improving protective function and comprehensive benefit of forest land and maintaining regional balance of nature.

Key words： soil and water conservation forest natural regeneration renewability distribution pattern

收稿日期: 2022-10-10

PACS:

S754.1

基金资助:国家自然科学基金"华北落叶松种子萌发与幼苗生长对暖干化气候的响应机制研究"（31400536）；山西省林业科技创新项目林业重点研发计划专项"干旱胁迫对华北落叶松种子命运的影响机制研究"（LYCX201961）

通讯作者: 高润梅(1974-),女,教授,博士生导师。主要研究方向:森林培育,植物资源保护利用。E-mail:sxndgrm@163.com E-mail: sxndgrm@163.com

作者简介: 杨晓虎(1998-),男,硕士研究生。主要研究方向:森林培育。E-mail:sxlsyxh@163.com

引用本文:

杨晓虎, 宁鹏, 高润梅, 张雨晴, 赵润泽. 中条山中段生态公益林典型森林群落天然更新特征及其影响因素[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2024, 22(1): 86-94.
YANG Xiaohu, NING Peng, GAO Runmei, ZHANG Yuqing, ZHAO Runze. Regeneration characteristics and influencing factors of typical forest of ecological public welfare forest communities in middle section of Zhongtiao Mountain. SSWC, 2024, 22(1): 86-94.

链接本文:

http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/10.16843/j.sswc.2022203 或 http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/Y2024/V22/I1/86

[1]	HAMMOND M E, POKORN R, OKAE-ANTI D, et al. The composition and diversity of natural regeneration of tree species in gaps under different intensities of forest disturbance[J]. Journal of Forestry Research,2021,32(5):1843.
[2]	陈姣,廉凯敏,张峰,等. 山西历山保护区野生种子植物区系研究[J]. 山西大学学报(自然科学版),2012,35(1):151. CHEN Jiao, LIAN Kaimin, ZHANG Feng, et al. Analysis on the flora of seed plants in Lishan nature reserve, Shanxi[J]. Journal of Shanxi University (Nat. Sci. Ed.),2012,35(1):151.
[3]	毕润成,张杰,苏俊霞. 山西稀有濒危植物脱皮榆的生态学特征[J]. 植物资源与环境学报,2002,11(4):45. BI Runcheng, ZHANG Jie, SU Junxia. Ecological characters of rare-endangered plant Ulmus lamellose in Shanxi province[J]. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment,2002,11(4):45
[4]	郭东罡,上官铁梁. 中条山中段植物群落数量分类与排序研究[J]. 武汉植物学研究,2005(5):444. GUO Donggang, SHANGGUAN Tieliang. Quantitative classification and ordination of plant communities in Midpiece of Zhongtiao Mountains[J]. Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research,2005(5):444.
[5]	李跃霞,上官铁梁. 中条山中段木本植物群落植物种多样性分析[J]. 植物研究,2006,2(2):2163. LI Yuexia, SHANGGAUN Tieliang. Plant species diversity of woody plant communities in midpiece of Zhongtiao Mountains[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research,2006,2(2):2163.
[6]	茹文明,张峰. 中条山东段植被垂直带的数量分类研究[J]. 应用与环境生物学报,2000,6(3):201. RU Wenming, ZHANG Feng. Study on vertical zonation of vegetation in the eastern part of the Zhongtiao Mountains, Shanxi[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology,2000,6(3):201.
[7]	刘秋锋,康慕谊,刘全儒. 中条山东段森林乔木树种分布的环境梯度分析与种组划分[J]. 生态学杂志,2006,25(11):1306. LIU Qiufeng, KANG Muyi, LIU Quanru. Environmental gradient analysis and species group division of tree species distribution in eastern Zhongtiao Mountain[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2006,25(11):1306.
[8]	高润梅,郭晋平. 文峪河上游河岸林的演替分析与预测[J]. 生态学报,2010,30(6):1564. GAO Runmei, GUO Jinping. Succession and prediction of the riparian forest in upper-reach of Wenyuhe Watershed[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2010,30(6):1564.
[9]	于汝元,黄晓鹤,哈达,等. 东北林区森林更新调查及评定中的问题[J]. 北京林业大学学报,1990,12(S4):46. YU Ruyuan, HUANG Xiaohe, HA Da, et al. Investigation of forest regeneration in northeast forest region[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University,1990,12(S4):46.
[10]	康冰,王得祥,李刚,等. 秦岭山地锐齿栎次生林幼苗更新特征[J]. 生态学报,2012,32(9):2738. KANG Bing, WANG Dexiang, LI Gang, et al. Characteristics of seedlings regeneration in Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata secondary forests in Qinling Mountains[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(9):2738.
[11]	李进,石晓东,高润梅,等. 华北落叶松天然次生林更新及影响因素[J]. 森林与环境学报,2020,40(6):588. LI Jin, SHI Xiaodong, GAO Runmei, et al. Regeneration and affecting factors of Larix principis-rupprechii natural secondary forests[J]. Journal of Forest and Environment,2020,40(6):588.
[12]	董灵波,田栋元,刘兆刚. 大兴安岭次生林空间分布格局及其尺度效应[J]. 应用生态学报,2020,31(5):1476. DONG Lingbo, TIAN Dongyuan, LIU Zhaogang. Spatial distribution pattern and scale effect of secondary forests in Daxing'anling, China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2020,31(5):1476.
[13]	魏玉龙,李嘉悦,温晶,等. 基于林缘效应对兴安落叶松天然更新及分布格局的研究[J]. 西北林学院学报,2019,34(3):15. WEI Yulong, LI Jiayue, WEN Jing, et al. Natural regeneration and distribution pattern of Larix gmelina based on forest edge effect[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2019,34(3):15.
[14]	SONG Chunwu, LI Congjuan, HALIK V, et al. Spatial distribution and structural characteristics for Haloxylon ammodendron plantation on the southwestern edge of the Gurbantünggüt Desert[J]. Forests,2021,12(5):633.
[15]	MANABE T, NISHIMURA N, MIURA M, et al. Population structure and spatial patterns for trees in a temperate old-growth evergreen broad-leaved forest in Japan[J]. Plant Ecology,2000,151(2):181.
[16]	池森,王从军,黎庆菊,等. 喀斯特次生林幼树更新空间分布格局及种间关联性[J]. 应用生态学报,2020,31(12):3989. CHI Sen, WANG Congjun, LI Qingju, et al. Spatial distribution and interspecific associations of regenerating saplings in karst secondary forests[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2020,31(12):3989.
[17]	JOSE M F, STEWARD T A P. Plant Litter:Light interception and effects on an old-field plant community[J]. Ecology,1991,72(3):1024.
[18]	祝子枭,刘兆刚,董灵波,等. 环境因子对大兴安岭天然落叶松次生林主要树种更新的影响[J]. 东北林业大学学报,2020,48(6):135. ZHU Zixiao, LIU Zhaogang, DONG Lingbo, et al. Effects of environmental factors on regeneration of major species in larch secondary forest of Daxing'an Mountains[J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2020,48(6):135.
[19]	张静,贾洪文,李远航,等. 青海大通县典型林分的枯落物和土壤蓄水能力评价[J]. 中国水土保持科学,2022,20(2):106. ZHANG Jing, JIA Hongwen, LI Yuanhang, et al. Evaluation of litter and soil water-holding capacity of typical stand in Datong, Qinghai[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,20(2):106.
[20]	于忠亮,付世萃,王梓默,等. 吉林省辽河流域不同植被类型土壤水源涵养能力分析[J]. 中国水土保持,2022(7):51. YU Zhongliang, FU Shicui, WANG Zimo, et al. Analysis of soil water conservation capacity of different vegetation types in the Liao River basin, Jilin province[J]. Soil and Water Conservation in China,2022(7):51.
[21]	王辉,张汝杰,崔立奇,等. 海拔对油松天然更新和胸径生长的影响[J]. 河北林果研究,2015,30(1):45. WANG HUI, ZHANG Rujie, CUI Liqi, et al. The effect of altitudes on natural regeneration and diameter growth of Pinus tabuliformis[J]. Hebei Journal of Forestry and Orchard Research, 2015,30(1):45.