Abstract：[Background] High-level hydro-meteorological forecast products can reasonably allocate water resources for basins. The distribution of annual precipitation and runoff in Tankeng basin is extremely unbalanced. Therefore, a friendly and accurate hydro-meteorological service system which can prolong the flood prediction period is urgently needed in the reservoir production and operation.[Methods] The refined hydro-meteorological service system of Tankeng basin included two parts:runoff product development and platform construction. Firstly, the data of elevation, land use and soil were extracted digitally, and then the SWAT hydrological distribution model of the basin was determined by parameter calibration and simulation. Then the model took the grid real-time and forecast rainfall data of the basin as the initial field to drive the SWAT (the Soil and Water Assessment Tool) distributed hydrological model and generated the runoff forecast of the basin. The general design framework of front and rear end separation was adopted to build a multi-terminal hydro-meteorological service system which was interactive and responsive quickly.[Results] The refined hydro-meteorological service system realized the following 4 functional modules:1) The area actual rainfall module displayed the actual and historical rainfall information of the basin and its surrounding areas and supported the function of superposition and display of radar layer and rainfall of meteorological stations. 2) The refined area rainfall forecast module for different periods of next 0-14 d mainly used the map module to display the area rainfall forecast for 6 different time intervals within next 0-3 d:3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 08:00 to 08:00 of the next day, 20:00 to 20:00 of the next day, daily, area rainfall forecast for 5 different time intervals within next 4-7 d and 4 different time intervals within next 8-14 d. 3) The objective area rainfall forecast evaluation module mainly displayed the test results of the accuracy of the objective forecast product of historical basin area rainfall. The evaluation indexes included mean absolute error TS score, false report rate, missing report rate, comprehensive fuzzy score, etc. 4) The runoff forecast module mainly displayed the daily runoff forecast for the next 0-14 d obtained by the coupled meteorological and hydrological model. In the course of two major floods in mid-June 2017 and late June 2019, the effective flood prediction period was 7-9 d, the absolute error of runoff forecast were 88.4 m3/s,134.4 m3/s respectively and the flood process prediction was consistent with the actual situation.[Conculsions] Since the development and application of this system, the prediction time of areal rainfall and runoff in the reservoir basin has increased to 2 weeks, and the effective flood prediction period has increased to more than one week. The application effect is well, and further experiments and continuous improvement can be carried out in combination with the practical business in the future.
潘娅英, 王伟, 顾婷婷, 张青. 基于SWAT模型的滩坑流域水文气象服务系统[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2022, 20(1): 84-90.
PAN Yaying, WANG Wei, GU Tingting, ZHANG Qing. Hydrological and meteorological service system for Tankeng basin based on SWAT model. SSWC, 2022, 20(1): 84-90.
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2022, Vol. 20 
