Response of sediment process to “source” and “sink” landscape pattern in Yanhe River basin, China
HOU Kun1, WANG Xiuru1, WANG Jiping2, YUAN Pujin3, CHENG Fu3
1. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China; 2. Research Center of Saline and Alkali Land of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091, Beijing, China; 3. The Center of Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring, Ministry of Water Resources of People's Republic of China, 100053, Beijing, China
Abstract：[Background] The landscape pattern configuration is one of the important factors affecting the runoff-sediment relationship, especially in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. Taking the control section of Ganguyi hydrological station in Yanhe River basin as the typical study area,studying the effect of "source" and "sink" landscape pattern on sediment process at basin scale is helpful to reveal the reasonable landscape pattern which is conducive to the sustainable development of Yanhe River basin.[Methods] The landscape pattern information was obtained using software Fragstats 4.2 on the basis of 5 remote sensing images (1985, 1995, 2000, 2008 and 2015). The sediment data measured at Ganguyi hydrological station from 1969 to 2019 were used to analyze the dynamic changes of sediment transport rate in Yanhe River basin with Mann-Kendall trend test and accumulative departure from averages. Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to establish the quantitative model between landscape pattern and sediment process.[Results] 1) From 1969 to 2019, the amount of sediment transported in the study area during the flood season accounted for over 97% of the annual proportion, and the Mann-Kendall statistics of the annual and flood season average sediment transport rate were -4.76 and -9.03 respectively, showing a very significant downward trend. 2) The proportion of sink landscape increased to 91.0% since 1999. Comparing the accumulative curve of annual sediment transport rate and sediment transport rate per unit precipitation away from averages, it was shown that precipitation was not the main factor causing the fluctuation variation of sediment discharge. 3) Through Pearson correlation analysis, it was found that only the class level landscape index of the source and sink landscape cannot fully reflect the sediment process, and further analysis of the indicator ability of various source and sink landscape indexes was needed. Through calculation, patch density, mean patch area, proportion of like adjacency, aggregation index of various "source" landscape patch types, and patch density, mean proximity index of various sink landscape patch types can be considered as effective indicators in the sediment process. 4) Through multiple regression analysis, the mean patch area and aggregation index of source landscape, the patch density and mean proximity index of sink landscape had a significant effect on the sediment transport rate, the goodness of fit reached 0.939 and 0.945, respectively, and the F test was both significant at the level of 0.1.[Conclusions] Above all, the sediment transport rate in the Yanhe River basin has shown an extremely significant downward trend, and the main reason for this trend is that human activities such as Grain for Green Project that have caused major changes in the landscape pattern in the past 50 years. When the fragmentation of the source landscape decreases, the proximity and connectivity of the sink increases, the resulting landscape pattern structure is conducive to the sediment retention and regulation of hydrological cycle system.
侯琨, 王秀茹, 王计平, 袁普金, 程复. 延河流域产沙过程对“源”“汇”景观格局的响应[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2022, 20(1): 1-8.
HOU Kun, WANG Xiuru, WANG Jiping, YUAN Pujin, CHENG Fu. Response of sediment process to “source” and “sink” landscape pattern in Yanhe River basin, China. SSWC, 2022, 20(1): 1-8.
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2022, Vol. 20 
