园林废弃物制树穴覆盖板的应用性能

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2020.01.014

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摘要以园林绿化产生的废弃物（柏木枯枝）为原料，加入环保型胶黏剂，制备应用于城市裸露树穴的覆盖板，寻找一种生态型的有机覆盖途径。柏木枯枝分为粗（1~3 cm）和细（0~1 cm）2种类型，水性聚氨酯胶黏剂的添加质量分别占原料质量的20%、25%、30%、35%和40%。将原料与胶黏剂混匀后放入模具并加压，得到10种不同规格的覆盖板，研究其持水能力、抗压性能和耐香烟灼烧能力等性质。研究结果表明：1）制备面积为1 m²，厚度为5 cm的覆盖板（施胶量为25%）成本约为87元/m²，约为同样尺寸铸铁盖板成本的22%。2）所有覆盖板具有略微的密度偏差和存在吸水厚度膨胀现象。3）细枯枝、粗枯枝覆盖板各自的施胶量达到25%和30%时，持水量最高，分别为2 209.25 g/kg和999.15 g/kg，拦蓄能力也最强。4）所有覆盖板的抗压强度远大于0.52 MPa （一名体质量为100 kg的行人正常行走时产生的最大压强），且不会被香烟燃烧。综合分析，25%施胶量的细枯枝覆盖板持水量最高，具备抗压性和耐香烟灼烧性，可尝试用于覆盖城市裸露树穴。

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	郑燚
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	李啸冲
	王心语
	熊凯毅

关键词 ：园林废弃物, 柏木枯枝, 树穴覆盖板, 持水能力, 抗压性能, 耐香烟灼烧能力

Abstract：[Background] In order to cover the bare tree pits in our cities and look for an innovative and ecological approach of organic cover. The cover plate, which was added the environmentally friendly waterborne polyurethane adhesive into green waste (dead branches of Cupressus funebris) were used to cover the bare tree pits. Application performances were carried out to determine its capacity of water-holding, ability of pressure resistance and resistance to cigarette burning in the indoor simulation experiment.[Methods] The size of dead branches of C. funebris was divided into 2 types:0~1 cm length(fine) and 1~3 cm length(coarse). The added amounts of waterborne polyurethane adhesive were in 5 levels (20%, 25%, 30%, 35% and 40%, respectively). Then the raw materials and the adhesive were mixed up thoroughly and was put into the size 10 cm×10 cm×5 cm cuboid opening mold and pressed with 20 kPa pressure, 10 different sizes of cover plates were obtained at last. Its capacity of water-holding, ability of pressure resistance and resistance to cigarette burning was determined.[Results] 1) The cost of cover plate with area of 1 m² and thickness of 5 cm (the amount of adhesive was 25%) was RMB 87 Yuan, almost 1/5 cost of the same size cast iron cover plate.2) All cover plates had a certain density deviation and had a slight water absorption thickness expansion phenomenon. 3) There was a significant logarithmic function between water-holding capacity and soaking time, and there was a significant power function between water absorption rate and soaking time. The 5 fine branched cover plates had a higher water-holding capacity than that of 5 coarse branched cover plates, but its pressure resistance was slighter than the five fine branched cover plates. The water-holding capacity was highest, 2 209.25 g/kg and 999.15 g/kg respectively, when the amount of the adhesive of fine branched and coarse branched cover plates were at 25% and 30%, the effective interception capacity and effective rate of interception capacity were also maximum. 4) Compression strength of all cover plates were considerably higher than 0.52 MPa (Maximum pressure generated by a pedestrian weighing 100 kg during normal walking), all cover plates had not been burned by cigarettes.[Conclusions] Among all cover plates, fine branched with the 25% amount of waterborne polyurethane adhesive, had the largest water-holding capacity, ability of pressure resistance and resistance to cigarette burning. Therefore, not only could it cover the bare tree pits in our cities replacing the traditional inorganic cover material such as the cast iron but also utilize garden waste adequately and environmentally friendly.

Key words： green waste dead branches of Cupressus funebris tree pit cover plate water-holding capacity compressive property resistance to cigarette burning

收稿日期: 2018-12-20

PACS:

S715.7

基金资助:北京市科技计划课题"北京市绿地林地土壤质量提升关键技术研究与示范"（Z161100001116061）

通讯作者: 李素艳(1968-),博士,教授。主要研究方向:土壤生态,农林废弃物资源化利用。E-mail:lisuyan@bjfu.edu.cn E-mail: lisuyan@bjfu.edu.cn

作者简介: 郑燚(1995-),男,硕士研究生。主要研究方向:土壤资源与环境。E-mail:1254572802@qq.com

引用本文:

郑燚, 李素艳, 孙向阳, 曲炳鹏, 李啸冲, 王心语, 熊凯毅. 园林废弃物制树穴覆盖板的应用性能[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2020, 18(1): 117-124.
ZHENG Yi, LI Suyan, SUN Xiangyang, QU Bingpeng, LI Xiaochong, WANG Xinyu, XIONG Kaiyi. Application performance of tree pit cover plate made of green waste. SSWC, 2020, 18(1): 117-124.

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/10.16843/j.sswc.2020.01.014 或 http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/Y2020/V18/I1/117

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