Abstract: 【Purpose/significance】The establishment of a scientific system for archival work responsibilities implements the require⁃ ments of the Archives Law and its Implementation Regulations, providing foundational support for modernizing archival governance. 【Method/process】After clarifying the logical connection between the modernization of archival governance and the responsible parties for archival work, against the backdrop and goal of modernizing archival governance, utilizing archival policy texts and semistructured interview data as primary sources, conduct a qualitative study on the responsibility system archival work under the perspec⁃ tive of the modernization of archival governance using the normative grounded method.【Result/conclusion】Ultimately, it forms a framework of archives work responsibility system with the main dimensions of responsibility subject, responsibility content, responsi⁃ bility performance, precondition, supporting environment and ultimate goal, thereby providing theoretical references for relevant prac⁃ tices.【Innovation/limitation】This paper constructs a framework of archives responsibility system in the perspective of modernization of archives governance by qualitative analysis, broadens the research perspective and provides a reference for building an archival work responsibility system for diverse governance entities, which is somewhat innovative. However, are still some limitations in the se⁃ lection of research samples, as the interviewees are mainly those engaged in archival work, and there is a lack of interviews with the public. Future research will strive to continuously optimize the diversity of samples to further enhance the breadth and representative⁃ ness of the study.