不同耕种模式下降雨等级对紫色土坡耕地产流产沙的影响

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2020.03.011

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Abstract [Background] In order to select better tillage and crop patterns for soil and water conservation of slope farmland in the purple soil, the characteristics of soil and water loss were investigated.[Methods] Based on the data of rainfall, runoff and sediment yield from 1989 to 2016 at Soil and Water Conservation Experimental Station in Suining city, four periods were divided according to different patterns that include ridge and furrow tillage, economic and fruit forest, cross ridge and planting hedgerows. Runoff and sediment yield of different plots under different patterns were analyzed according to rainfall levels.[Results] 1) Light rain and medium rain hardly caused soil erosion. The erosive rainfall was concentrated in June-August, which was mainly represented by rainstorm and heavy rain. 2) The effect of contour ridge and furrow treatment was the most obvious under heavy rain. Compared with downhill ridge in farmland, cross ridge reduced runoff yield by 50%-56% under large rainstorm and reduced sediment yield by 93%-95% under rainstorm significantly (P<0.05). Compared with Zea mays, planting Hemerocallis citrina Baroni in downhill ridge significantly reduced sediment yield by 88%-98% under heavy rain and rainstorm. Runoff and sediment yield of planting hedgerows was bigger than that of the control plots in the initial stage of planting hedgerows,which was significantly different under heavy rain. However, after three years of planting, hedgerows had great effects of reducing runoff and sediment, and the effect of Vetiveria zizanioides was better than that of Leucaena leucocephala. 3) Runoff and sediment yield of ridge and furrow plots during extraordinary rainstorm was significantly different from that during rainstorm and heavy rain. During large rainstorm, runoff yield of planting Hemerocallis citrina Baroni with downhill ridge was 6.4 times of that during heavy rain, and the difference was significant. The sediment yield during large rainstorm was significantly different from that during rainstorm and heavy rain in cross ridge and downhill ridge plots. At the initial stage of planting hedgerow, runoff yield of hedgerow plots was no significantly different from that of no-hedgerow plots during different rainfall levels (P>0.05). While sediment yield of Amygdalus persica hedgerow plots was significantly different from that of no-hedgerow plots during large rainstorm and heavy rain. Three years after planting hedgerow, runoff and sediment yield during large rainstorm was significantly different from that during rainstorm and heavy rain. The runoff yield during large rainstorm was 3.3-6.6 times of that during rainstorm and heavy rain, meanwhile, sediment yield during large rainstorm was 8.8-113.5 times of that during rainstorm and heavy rain.[Conculsions] Overall, sediment reduction effect of various tillage and crop patterns is better than runoff reduction effect. With the increase of rainfall level, the sediment reduction rate was decreasing. Therefore, considering the agricultural management and economic benefits, the appropriate patterns should be selected according to the actual situation of sloping farmland.

Key words： rainfall level tillage and crop patterns purple soil runoff depth sediment yield

Received: 14 January 2019

PACS:

S157.1

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	Articles by authors
	REN Yuzhi
	ZHENG Jiangkun
	FU Yan
	WANG Wenwu
	ZENG Qianting
	XIANG Minghui
	CHEN Xin

Cite this article:

REN Yuzhi,ZHENG Jiangkun,FU Yan, et al. Effects of rainfall levels on runoff and sediment yield of slope farmland in purple soil under different tillage and crop patterns[J]. SSWC, 2020, 18(3): 90-98.

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/EN/10.16843/j.sswc.2020.03.011 OR http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/EN/Y2020/V18/I3/90

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