人工模拟降雨条件下泻溜红土坡积体的侵蚀过程和入渗特征

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2019.01.002

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Abstract [Background] Erosion of red soil is one of the serious forms of soil erosion in the gully region of the Loess Plateau. However, the erosion characteristics of the sloping erosion and the infiltration of the slope are not studied in depth. It is of great significance to further explore its erosion process and permeability for preventing the erosion of red soil.[Methods] Test materials from the shady slope and the sunny slope of Tianjiagou watershed in Gansu province were collected, and filled into the experimental trough tank at 10 degree as similar to natural dump status as possible. Four rainfall intensities of 16.1, 29.3, 40.5, and 51.3 mm/h were set by simulated artificial rainfall Norton 8100 from USA, 3 times of experiment were repeated for each rainfall intensity, thus total 12 experiments were conducted. Runoff period, rainfall duration, runoff yield, average runoff rate, runoff coefficient, sediment yield, average sediment rate, and infiltration rate were recorded and calculated. The data was processed by Excel 2007.[Results] For the erosion process of the red soil slumping slope sediment, the total runoff generated under 4 rainfall intensities (16.1, 29.3, 40.5, and 51.3 mm/h) was 2 250, 5 174, 10 036, and 17 612 cm³, respectively. The total amount of sediment production increased gradually from 290 g (in 16.1 mm/h) to 810 g (in 51.3 mm/h),which expressed as follows 290 g (in 16.1 mm/h) < 620 g (in 29.3 mm/h) < 780 g (in 40.5 mm/h) < 810 g (in 51.3 mm/h).The time required for reaching peak sediment was shortened from 26 min to 16 min, which were 26, 20, 18 and 16 min, respectively. The time required for sediment reaching stabilization in the runoff showed similar changes with the time required for reaching peak sediment,which were 34, 32, 30 and 26 min, respectively, and the average infiltration rates were 0.22, 0.37, 0.44, and 0.45 mm/min, respectively, and steady infiltration rates gradually increased,and appeared as from 0.19 to 0.39 mm/min.[Conclusions] As rainfall intensity increases, the runoff, sediment yield, and infiltration rate under different rainfall intensity of the red soil slumping slope sediment increase gradually, while the trend of increasing the rate of steady infiltration is not obvious, and the time required for stable production and sediment production is gradually shortened. In addition to this, the conclusions of this study may provide guidance for the prevention and control of erosive erosion and improvement of the red soil slumping slope sediment.

Key words： artificial simulated rainfall red soil slumping erosion slope sediment erosion process infiltration features

Received: 06 March 2018

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S157.1

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/EN/10.16843/j.sswc.2019.01.002 OR http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/EN/Y2019/V17/I1/10

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