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| Change of soil surface roughness during maize growing season and its relationship with soil erosion amount on slope of contour tillage during water erosion process |
| WANG Ying1, ZHENG Zicheng1, LI Tingxuan1, HE Shuqin2 |
1. College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China;
2. College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China |
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Abstract [Background] The purple soil region is one of the typical areas suffering serious soil erosion in Southwest China. Serious soil erosion would surely result in the loss of sediment and the occurrence of runoff. The objectives of this study is to investigate the relationship between soil surface roughness and soil erosion amount of contour tillage during maize growing stages, providing a scientific basis for revealing the mechanism of soil surface roughness in sloping farmland of purple soil.[Methods] The artificial field rainfall experiment was carried out for determination of characteristics of soil surface roughness and soil erosion amount during maize growing stages. And the relationship between soil surface roughness and soil erosion amount was analyzed. A total of 36 rainfall simulation experiments were conducted in two 1 m×2 m boxes under 3 rainfall intensities (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mm/min) on a typical gradient of 15°.[Results] 1) The largest change range of soil surface roughness was in rill erosion stage, the change range of soil surface roughness reached minimum value at tasseling stage and the soil surface roughness reduced maximally at seedling stage during water erosion process (58.87%). 2) The soil erosion amount in rill erosion was significantly higher than that in splash erosion and sheet erosion. With rainfall intensity increased, the soil erosion amount at seedling stage increased during splash erosion, while that at seedling stage was opposite to the changes at other growing stages. The soil erosion amount during maize growing season reached maximum at 2.0 mm/min rainfall intensity in sheet erosion and rill erosion (218.82 g and 349.41 g). The soil erosion amount at seedling stage was 1.60, 3.18 and 1.79 times greater than that at jointing stage, tasseling stage and maturing stage, and significantly higher than other growing stages. 3) The regression equations of initial soil surface roughness, change range of soil surface roughness, rainfall intensity and soil erosion amount significantly correlated in sheet erosion and rill erosion. A significant correlation was observed between change range of soil surface roughness, rainfall intensity and soil erosion amount during splash erosion stage.[Conclusions] The changes of surface roughness and soil erosion amount reached maximum at seedling stage. The change of soil surface roughness could better be predicted soil erosion amount during water erosion process.
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Received: 05 March 2018
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