Desertification and salinization of the Minqin Oasis in western China are getting more and more serious in China. Ephedra przewalskii is a desert salt bush widely distributed in Minqin. In this study we took soil surrounding E. przewalskii as research object, and investigated the main characteristic factors of salinization of soil around E. przewalskii by using correlation analysis and main component analysis, aimed to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the improvement and utilization of soil salinization in the Minqin Oasis. The results showed that E. przewalskii could reduce the pH of its soil around it. The soil pH value varied from 8.21 to 8.69 in the horizontal direction from 0 to 30 cm away from the plant; in the vertical profile, the soil pH first dropped with the soil depth increasing and then ascended, showing a “double S" pattern. The soil pH value changed from 7.89 to 8.95 at a distance of 30 to 60 cm away from the plant, while it first decreased and then increased with the soil depth increasing in the vertical profile. The soil pH value ranged from 8.50 to 8.96 at a distance of 60 to 90 cm away from the plant, while it decreased with the soil depth increasing in the vertical profile. The degree of soil salinization was mainly influenced by chloride, sulfate and bicarbonate, and profile distribution of soil salinity was in bottom accumulation. Ca²⁺ , SO^2-₄ , HCO^-₃ , Mg²⁺ and K⁺ were the main characteristic factors for the salinization of soil 30 cm away from E. przewalskii, where soil salinity existed mainly as sulfate and bicarbonate, and chloride followed. Total salt content, Cl^- , Na⁺ , Mg²⁺ and pH were the main characteristic factors for the salinization of soil 60 cm away from E. przewalskii, where soil salinity existed mainly as chloride, and sulfate and bicarbonate followed. Total salt content, Na⁺ , Cl^- and Ca²⁺ were the main characteristic factors for the salinization of soil 90 cm away from E. przewalskii, where soil salinity existed mainly as chloride, and bicarbonate and sulfate followed. Our study suggests that E. przewalskii can be used to alleviate soil salinization in the Minqin Oasis.