Abstract:The ecological compensation of basin as a hot issue in watershed management has aroused wide concern. As the resource development and economic development in Fenhe River basin, its increasingly serious ecological problems become a bottleneck for economic and social sustainable development. Establishing a scientific ecological compensation mechanism in the Fenhe River basin is particularly important. Based on research and analysis combined with the actual situation in Fenhe River basin, clarity and the principles for establishing ecological compensation mechanism in Fenhe River basin, and analysis of subjects, objects, methods, and standards in the mechanism establishment, the current study tries to establish the safeguard measures, so as to build the overall framework of ecological compensation mechanism in Fenhe River basin. The introduced mechanism can not only adjust the economic benefits of eco-efficiency and related protectors and beneficiaries, the distribution relationship between predators and victims, but also protect and improve the ecological environment in the Fenhe River basin, promoting the sustainable development of basin-wide coordination of economic, social, and environmental aspects.