Integrated land carrying potential and carrying capacity of urban agglomeration are important indexes for measuring urban population concentration, economic development, ecological environment and the space of future development. This paper chooses indexes from three aspects, i. e. , carrying capacity of cultivated land, construction land carrying capacity and ecological land bearing capacity, constructs the evaluation index systems of integrated land carrying potential and realistic capacity, and carries out a case study of “3 +5”urban agglomeration of Hunan Province. The results show that Loudi City is overloaded in that its integrated land carrying capacity exceeds its carrying potential with a ratio of 1.383 4. Yiyang, Changsha, Zhuzhou and Hengyang cities are fully loaded regions in that their integrated land carrying capacity are very close to their carrying potential with ratios of 1.022 9,0.951 0, 0.923 8,0.920 4, respectively. Yueyang and Changde cities are areas which can still carry some people and activities, and their ratio of integrated land carrying capacity to carrying potential is 0.867 6 and 0.854 7, respectively. Xiangtan City is an area that carries not enough in that its integrated land carrying capacity is the lowest compared to its carrying potential with a ratio of 0.685 5. The paper also analyzes the causes of overloading or bearing and proposes specific measures for enhancing land carrying potential or reducing carrying capacity according to different bearing conditions.