Modeling sediment yield using WaTEM/SEDEM for a small catchment of karst depression in the Three Gorges Reservoir region: A case study of the Changjiawa depression catchment of Wushan county
LU Xue1, ZHANG Yunqi1, LONG Yi2, PEI Zengli1, WU Zhehong1, XU Mingyang1, ZHANG Decheng1
1. Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation & Desertification Combating of Sichuan Provincial Colleges and Universities, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 610041, Chengdu, China
Abstract：[Background] In karst area, the soil formation rate is low, and soil layer is thin and shows great spatial heterogeneity. The Three Gorges Reservoir region is the ecological security barrier in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Karst landscape is wide in this region. In general, the karst land has complex terrain, and is subjected to intensive human disturbance and increasing rocky desertification. Reliable data of specific sediment yield (SSY) from small catchment is essential to our understanding of the process of rocky desertification. [Methods] The WaTEM/SEDEM was used to analyze the effects of multiple factors on soil erosion, to simulate the interception of sediment by water bodies such as reservoirs, ponds, dams and river sections in the southwest karst area. The WaTEM/SEDEM model was used to assess the SSY of Changjiawa catchment, a typical karst depression catchment in the Three Gorges Reservoir region. The SSY was determined by 137Cs dating to calibrate the model parameters and verified by the reported data of SSY from karst catchment. [Results] 1) The sedimentation rate in the Changjiawa depression was 0.27 cm/a, and the SSY was 155 t/(km2·a). The simulation results were corrected using the SSY determined by 137Cs dating in the depression, and the optimal combination of the minimum and maximum KTC values of WaTEM/SEDEM were 18 and 7, with the highest cNS (Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient) of 0.79, it showed that the model simulation effect was the best. 2) Using the WaTEM/SEDEM model, the total sediment deposition and SSY of Changjiawa small catchment since 1963 were 557 t and 122.91 t/(km2·a), which was higher than that in most karst catchments, which was mainly related to the lithology of the basin and the intense human activities. 3) WaTEM/SEDEM model simulation results were verified by published erosion and sediment modulus data. The correlation coefficients of the simulation results of SSY and sediment yield (SY) were 0.93 and 0.94, implying the simulated data reflected the actual erosion and sediment modulus situation in this area, and 137Cs data had good correction effect on WaTEM/SEDEM model parameters. [Conclusions] The combination of nuclear tracer dating technology and the WaTEM/SEDEM model may produce reliable SSY from small catchment of peak cluster depression, which is useful in karst areas lacking monitoring data. In the future, the WaTEM/SEDEM model may be used to assess sediment yield at the scale of depression catchment in this region.
卢雪, 张云奇, 龙翼, 裴曾莉, 吴喆虹, 徐明阳, 张德丞. 三峡库区喀斯特洼地小流域产沙强度WaTEM/SEDEM模拟——以巫山县常家洼洼地流域为例[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2021, 19(2): 92-97.
LU Xue, ZHANG Yunqi, LONG Yi, PEI Zengli, WU Zhehong, XU Mingyang, ZHANG Decheng. Modeling sediment yield using WaTEM/SEDEM for a small catchment of karst depression in the Three Gorges Reservoir region: A case study of the Changjiawa depression catchment of Wushan county. SSWC, 2021, 19(2): 92-97.
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2021, Vol. 19 
