燕山山脉中段生态清洁小流域建设——以河北省承德市滦平县安纯沟小流域为例

doi:10.16843/j.sswc.2021.02.016

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摘要燕山山脉中段是北京重要的水源地和水源涵养区，其生态环境的好坏直接影响北京市的水源安全。为探索燕山山脉中段生态清洁小流域建设特点和治理模式，推进该区域生态清洁小流域建设，以河北省滦平县西北部安纯沟小流域为例，对其采取的措施体系进行分析。结果表明：1）安纯沟小流域根据北京标准，结合本地实际制定建设目标，符合燕山山脉中段小流域自身发展需求；2）注重景观，因地制宜近自然治理，在改善生态环境的同时提升了景观格局；3）通过封禁治理、水土保持林、梯田、村庄美化、湿地恢复等措施形成综合治理体系；4）实现了控制水土流失，保护和利用水土资源，人口、资源、环境协调发展的目标。因此，燕山山脉中段生态清洁小流域应根据北京标准，结合当地实际和景观生态学原理对流域内山水林田湖草进行近自然治理，构建点、线、面综合防护体系，防治水土流失，保护水源，改善流域生态环境，提升景观格局。

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	周连兄
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	李丹雄
	武亚南
	赛硕
	王进辉

关键词 ：生态清洁小流域, 京津冀协同发展, 景观生态学, 山水林田湖草, 燕山山脉中段

Abstract：[Background] The middle section of Yanshan Mountains is an important water source and water conservation area of Beijing. The quality of its ecological environment directly affects the safety of water sources in Beijing. The purpose of this research is to explore the construction characteristics and governance models of eco-clean small watersheds in the middle section of Yanshan Mountains, and to provide reasonable suggestions for further promoting the construction of eco-clean small watersheds in the region.[Methods] Taking Anchungou small watershed as an example, this paper focused on the analysis of small watershed construction objectives, the layout of governance measures and specific governance measures. Then the paper analyzed the application of Beijing standard and landscape ecology theory and near-natural governance principles in small watershed construction. Finally, the paper summarized the characteristics of eco-clean small watershed construction in the middle section of Yanshan Mountains from several aspects, such as the formulation of construction objectives, the application of landscape ecology theory, near-natural governance, encouraging public participation, and the integration of Mountains-Rivers-Forests-Farmlands-Lakes-Grasslands. [Results] Anchungou small watershed is located in the middle section of Yanshan Mountains, northwest of Luanping county, Hebei province, with a watershed area of 115.2 km². The analysis results show that: 1) Anchungou small watershed is based on Beijing standards and combined with local conditions to formulate construction goals, which meets the development needs of the small watershed in the middle section of Yanshan Mountains. 2) The construction of Anchungou small watershed pays attention to the landscape and implements near-natural management according to local conditions, which improves the landscape pattern of the watershed while improving the ecological environment. 3) The construction of Anchungou small watershed has formed a comprehensive management system through measures such as closure management, water and soil conservation forests, terraces, village beautification, and wetland restoration. 4) The goals of controlling soil erosion, protecting and using water and soil resources in the basin, and coordinated development of population, resources and environment have been achieved. [Conclusions] The construction of eco-clean small watershed in the middle section of Yanshan Mountains should be based on Beijing standards. and combined with local conditions and the principle of landscape ecology to carry out near-natural management of landscape forests and lakes in the watershed, and construct a comprehensive protection system for points, lines and surfaces. Ultimately, the purpose has been achieved that preventing soil erosion, protecting water sources, improving the ecological environment of the river basin, and enhancing the landscape pattern of the river basin.

Key words： eco-clean small watershed Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development landscape ecology Mountains-Rivers-Forests-Farmlands-Lakes-Grasslands middle section of Yanshan Mountain

收稿日期: 2018-11-09

PACS:

S157.1

基金资助:北京市科技计划"怀柔小流域河岸带生态恢复技术研究"（Z151100001115001）

通讯作者: 丁国栋(1963-),男,博士生导师,教授。主要研究方向:水土保持与荒漠化防治。E-mail:dch1999@263.net E-mail: dch1999@263.net

作者简介: 周连兄(1979-),女,博士研究生。主要研究方向:小流域治理及生态规划。E-mail:zhoulx502@163.com

引用本文:

周连兄, 丁国栋, 杨之恒, 李丹雄, 武亚南, 赛硕, 王进辉. 燕山山脉中段生态清洁小流域建设——以河北省承德市滦平县安纯沟小流域为例[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2021, 19(2): 127-134.
ZHOU Lianxiong, DING Guodong, YANG Zhiheng, LI Danxiong, WU Yanan, SAI Shuo, WANG Jinhui. Construction of eco-clean small watershed in the middle section of Yanshan Mountains: A case study of Anchungou small watershed in Luanping county, Chengde city, Hebei province. SSWC, 2021, 19(2): 127-134.

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http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/10.16843/j.sswc.2021.02.016 或 http://journal12.magtechjournal.com/Jweb_stbc/CN/Y2021/V19/I2/127

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