[an error occurred while processing this directive] | [an error occurred while processing this directive]
Research progress on radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Wu Yanling, Chen Yupei, Ma Jun
Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou 510060, China
Abstract Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the common head and neck malignant tumors. Radiotherapy is the main treatment for NPC. The comprehensive application of chemotherapy strategies (induction, concurrent and adjuvant) in radiotherapy has improved the efficacy in the treatment of locally advanced NPC. Based on current evidence, concurrent chemoradiotherapy combined with adjuvant or induction chemotherapy has been recommended as the standard treatment for locally advanced NPC. However, there are still many deficiencies in the standard treatment, and the application of induction and adjuvant chemotherapy remains controversial. Establishing a more ideal and individualized chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced NPC is still the research direction in the future.
Corresponding Authors:
Ma Jun, Email:majun2@mail.sysu.edu.cn
Cite this article:
Wu Yanling,Chen Yupei,Ma Jun. Research progress on radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma[J]. Chinese Journal of Radiation Oncology, 2021, 30(10): 1084-1088.
Wu Yanling,Chen Yupei,Ma Jun. Research progress on radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma[J]. Chinese Journal of Radiation Oncology, 2021, 30(10): 1084-1088.
[1] Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2015[J]. CA Cancer J Clin, 2015, 65(1):5-29. DOI:10.3322/caac.21254. [2] Shield KD, Ferlay J, Jemal A,et al. The global incidence of lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal cancers by subsite in 2012[J]. CA Cancer J Clin, 2017, 67(1):51-64. DOI:10.3322/caac.21384. [3] Colevas AD, Yom SS, Pfister DG,et al. NCCN Guidelines Insights:head and neck cancers, version 1.2018[J]. J Natl Compr Canc Netw, 2018, 16(5):479-490. DOI:10.6004/jnccn.2018.0026. [4] Al-Sarraf M, LeBlanc M, Giri PG,et al. Chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal cancer:phaseⅢrandomized Intergroup study 0099[J]. J Clin Oncol, 1998, 16(4):1310-1317. DOI:10.1200/JCO.1998.16.4.1310. [5] Lee AW, Tung SY, Ngan RK,et al. Factors contributing to the efficacy of concurrent-adjuvant chemotherapy for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma:combined analyses of NPC-9901 and NPC-9902 Trials[J]. Eur J Cancer, 2011, 47(5):656-666. DOI:10.1016/j.ejca.2010.10.026. [6] Chan AT, Leung SF, Ngan RK,et al. Overall survival after concurrent cisplatin-radiotherapy compared with radiotherapy alone in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma[J]. J Natl Cancer Inst, 2005, 97(7):536-539. DOI:10.1093/jnci/dji084. [7] Lin JC, Jan JS, Hsu CY, et al. Phase Ⅲ study of concurrent chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone for advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma:positive effect on overall and progression-free survival[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2003, 21(4):631-637. DOI:10.1200/JCO.2003.06.158. [8] Wu X, Huang PY, Peng PJ,et al. Long-term follow-up of a phaseⅢstudy comparing radiotherapy with or without weekly oxaliplatin for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma[J]. Ann Oncol, 2013, 24(8):2131-2136. DOI:10.1093/annonc/mDT163. [9] Chen QY, Wen YF, Guo L,et al. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy vs. radiotherapy alone in stage Ⅱ nasopharyngeal carcinoma:phaseⅢ randomized trial[J]. J Natl Cancer Inst, 2011, 103(23):1761-1770. DOI:10.1093/jnci/djr432. [10] Langendijk JA, Leemans CR, Buter J, et al. The additional value of chemotherapy to radiotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma:a meta-analysis of the published literature[J].J Clin Oncol, 2004, 22(22):4604-4612. DOI:10.1200/JCO.2004.10.074. [11] Baujat B, Audry H, Bourhis J, et al. Chemotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma:an individual patient data meta-analysis of eight randomized trials and 1753 patients[J].Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2006, 64(1):47-56. DOI:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.06.037. [12] Zhang L, Zhao C, Ghimire B,et al. The role of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma among endemic population:a meta-analysis of the phaseⅢrandomized trials[J]. BMC Cancer, 2010, 10(1):558. DOI:10.1186/1471-2407-10-558. [13] Jagdis A, Laskin J, Hao D,et al. Dose delivery analysis of weekly versus 3-weekly cisplatin concurrent with radiation therapy for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)[J]. Am J Clin Oncol, 2014, 37(1), 63-69. DOI:10.1097/COC.0b013e31826b9b1a. [14] Peng H, Chen L, Zhang Y,et al. Prognostic value of the cumulative cisplatin dose during concurrent chemoradiotherapy in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma:a secondary analysis of a prospective phaseⅢ clinical trial[J]. Oncologist, 2016, 21(11):1369-1376. DOI:10.1634/theoncologist.2016-0105. [15] Lv JW, Qi ZY, Zhou GQ,et al. Optimal cumulative cisplatin dose in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients receiving additional induction chemotherapy[J]. Cancer Sci, 2018, 109(3):751-763. DOI:10.1111/cas.13474. [16] Hui EP, Ma BB, Leung SF,et al. Randomized phase Ⅱ trial of concurrent cisplatin-radiotherapy with or without neoadjuvant docetaxel and cisplatin in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2009, 27(2):242-249. DOI:10.1200/JCO.2008.18.1545. [17] Fountzilas G, Ciuleanu E, Bobos M,et al. Induction chemotherapy followed by concomitant radiotherapy and weekly cisplatin versus the same concomitant chemoradiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma:a randomized phase Ⅱ study conducted by the Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group (HeCOG) with biomarker evaluation[J]. Ann Oncol, 2012, 23(2):427-435. DOI:10.1093/annonc/mdr116. [18] Tan T, Lim WT, Fong KW,et al. Concurrent chemo-radiation with or without induction gemcitabine, Carboplatin, and Paclitaxel:a randomized, phase 2/3 trial in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma[J]. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys,2015, 91(5):952-960. DOI:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.01.002. [19] Li WF, Chen NY, Zhang N,et al. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with/without induction chemotherapy in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma:Long-term results of phase 3 randomized controlled trial[J]. Int J Cancer, 2019, 145(1):295-305, DOI:10.1002/ijc.32099. [20] Yang Q, Cao SM, Guo L,et al. Induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma:long-term results of a phase Ⅲ multicentre randomised controlled trial[J]. Eur J Cancer, 2019, 119:87-96. DOI:10.1016/j.ejca.2019.07.007. [21] Frikha M, Auperin A, Tao Y,et al. A randomized trial of induction docetaxel-cisplatin-5FU followed by concomitant cisplatin-RT versus concomitant cisplatin-RT in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (GORTEC 2006-02)[J]. Ann Oncol, 2018, 29(3):731-736. DOI:10.1093/annonc/mdx770. [22] Hong RL, Hsiao CF, Ting LL,et al. Final results of a randomized phase Ⅲ trial of induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone in patients with stage IVA and IVB nasopharyngeal carcinoma-Taiwan Cooperative Oncology Group (TCOG) 1303 study. Ann Oncol, 2018, 29(9):1972-1979. DOI:10.1093/annonc/mdy249. [23] Zhang Y, Chen L, Hu GQ, et al. Gemcitabine and cisplatin induction chemotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma[J]. N Engl J Med, 2019, 381(12):1124-1135. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1905287. [24] Liang ZG, Zhu XD, Tan AH,et al. Induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy with or without adjuvant chemotherapy for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma:meta-analysis of 1,096 patients from 11 randomized controlled trials[J]. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2013, 14(1):515-521. DOI:10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.1.515. [25] Ribassin-Majed L, Marguet S, Lee AW, et al. What is the best treatment of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma?An individual patient data network meta-analysis[J].J Clin Oncol, 2017, 35(5):498-505.DOI:10.1200/JCO.2016.67.4119. [26] Yau TK, Lee AW, Wong DH,et al. Induction chemotherapy with cisplatin and gemcitabine followed by accelerated radiotherapy and concurrent cisplatin in patients with stageIV (A-B) nasopharyngeal carcinoma[J]. Head Neck, 2006, 28(10):880-887. DOI:10.1002/hed.20421. [27] Wee J, Tan EH, Tai BC,et al. Randomized trial of radiotherapy versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer/International Union against cancer stage Ⅲ and IV nasopharyngeal cancer of the endemic variety[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2005, 23(27):6730-6738. DOI:10.1200/JCO.2005.16.790. [28] Lee AW, Tung SY, Chua DT,et al. Randomized trial of radiotherapy plus concurrent-adjuvant chemotherapy vs. radiotherapy alone for regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma[J]. J Natl Cancer Inst, 2010, 102(15):1188-1198. DOI:10.1093/jnci/djq258. [29] Lee AW, Tung SY, Chan AT,et al. A randomized trial on addition of concurrent-adjuvant chemotherapy and/or accelerated fractionation for locally-advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma[J]. Radiother Oncol, 2011, 98(1):15-22. DOI:10.1016/j.radonc.2010.09.023. [30] Chen Y, Sun Y, Liang SB,et al. Progress report of a randomized trial comparing long-term survival and late toxicity of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with adjuvant chemotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in patients with stage Ⅲ to IVB nasopharyngeal carcinoma from endemic regions of China[J]. Cancer, 2013, 119(12):2230-2238. DOI:10.1002/cncr.28049. [31] Chen L, Hu CS, Chen XZ,et al. Adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma:Long-term results of a phase 3 multicentre randomised controlled trial[J]. Eur J Cancer, 2017, 75:150-158. DOI:10.1016/j.ejca.2017.01.002. [32] Ouyang PY, Xie C, Mao YP,et al. Significant efficacies of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma by meta-analysis of published literaturebased randomized, controlled trials[J]. Ann Oncol, 2013, 24(8):2136-2146. DOI:10.1093/annonc/mDT146. [33] Chen YP, Wang ZX, Chen L, et al. A Bayesian network meta-analysis comparing concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy, concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone and radiotherapy alone in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma[J]. Ann Oncol, 2015, 26(1):205-211. DOI:10.1093/annonc/mdu507. [34] Liang Z, Zhu X, Li L,et al. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy compared with concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone for the treatment of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma:a retrospective controlled study[J]. Curr Oncol, 2014, 21(3):e408-417, DOI:10.3747/co.21.1777. [35] Liu YC, Wang WY, Twu CW,et al. Prognostic impact of adjuvant chemotherapy in high-risk nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients[J]. Oral Oncol, 2017, 64(1):15-21. DOI:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2016.11.008. [36] Bocci G, Kerbel RS. Pharmacokinetics of metronomic chemotherapy:a neglected but crucial aspect[J]. Nat Rev Clin Oncol, 2016, 13(11):659-673. DOI:10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.64. [37] Chen YL, Chang MC, Cheng WF. Metronomic chemotherapy and immunotherapy in cancer treatment[J]. Cancer Lett, 2017, 400:282-292. DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2017.01.040. [38] Chen JH, Huang WY, Ho CL,et al. Evaluation of oral tegafur-uracil as metronomic therapy following concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with non-distant metastatic TNM stage IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma[J]. Head Neck, 2019, 41(11):3775-3782. DOI:10.1002/hed.25904.